Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOM1070 > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Bone shapes

A

Long, flat, short, irregular, sesamoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bone layers

A

compact, spongy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

lone bone structure

A

diaphysis (shaft)

epiphysis (ends)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

vertebral column and numbers

A

cervical-7
thorasic-12
lumbar-5
sacral and coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 types of curvatures

A

primary- thoracic and sacral

secondary- cervical and lumbar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2 joints of vertebral column

A

nucleus pulplosis- inner gelatinous nucleus

anulus fibrosis - outer collar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pectoral girdle made up of?

A

connection to axial skeleton- clavicle and scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

upper appendicular skeleton

A

humerous, radius, ulna, phalanges, carpals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

lower appendicular skeleton

A

femur, knee, patella, tibia, pelvic girdle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pelvic girdle made of?

A

ilium, ischium, pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

structural classification of joints

A

fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

functional classification of joints

A

synarthrosis (no movement)
amphiarthrosis
diarthrosis (free)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Synovial diarthrosis functions

A

nonaxial (slipping), multiaxial (movement in all 3 planes), biaxial (movement in 2 planes), uniaxial (in one plane)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

6 synovial joint features

A

articular cartilage, joint cavity, articular capsule, synovial fluid, ligaments, blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

4 accessory structures

A

menisci, fat pads, bursae and tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

5 main synovial joints

A

knee, shoulder elbow, hip and jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

6 types of synovial joints

A

plane, hinge, pivot, saddle, ball and socket and condylar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

3 levels of connective tissue

A

epimysium- surrounds entire muscle
perimysium- surrounding fascicles
endomysium- surrounds each muscle fibre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Muscle hierarchy

A

muscle, fascicle, fibre, myofibrils, sarcomeres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

2 ways muscles attach

A

origin- fixed

insertion- freely moveable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

3 muscle functional groups

A

agonist (prime mover
antagonist
synergist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

individual muscle force is influenced by..

A

muscle architecture, sarcomere length, single motor unit, type of contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 muscle architecture types

A

parallel
pennate
circular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

2 types of sarcomere length

A

passive force- Parallel connective tissue within the muscle

active force- overlap in actin and myosin in muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

motor unit

A

1 motor axon and all the muscle fibres it innovates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

3 contraction types

A

concentric- movement up
isometric- no movement
eccentric- movement down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

functions of skeletal muscle

A

produce movement, maintain posture, stabilise joints, generate heat as they contract

28
Q

3 types of skeletal muscle fibres

A

slow oxidative
fast oxidative IIA
fast glycolic IIB

29
Q

joints of upper limb

A

glenohumeral- between scapula and humerous
synovial ball and socket
multiaxial diarthrosis

elbow joint- between humerous and ulna and radius
synovial hinge
uniaxial diarthrosis

30
Q

Describe the difference between a direct or indirect attachment.

A

Direct is when muscle undergoes attachment. Indirect is the episium of muscle attatches to perimysium of the bone

31
Q

muscles that move pectoral girdle

A

pectoralis minor, trapezius, levator scapulae

32
Q

muscles that move glenohumeral

A

deltoid, biceps brachii

33
Q

2 compartments of forearm

A

anteromedial, posterolateral

34
Q

2 layers of compartments of forearm

A

superficial, deep

35
Q

2 joints of lower limb

A

hip- synovial ball and socket
multiaxial diarthrosis

knee - synovial hinge
uniaxial diarthrosis

36
Q

3 compartments of the leg

A

anterior- dorsi flexion and food inversion
lateral- foot eversion
posterior- plantar flexion

37
Q

Muscle contraction summary

A

AP travels down the motor neuron 
Ach released at the neuromuscular junction 
AP runs through the sarcolemma of the muscle 
AP travels down T tubules 
AP triggers Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ causes actin and myosin to bind by displacing tropomyosin
Sarcomeres shorten
muscle contracts

38
Q

muscles of mastication

A

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

39
Q

where is buccinator located

A

muscle of facial expression

40
Q

TMJ joint

A

temporomandibular joint- synovial hinge

41
Q

muscles of the eye

A

4 rectus

2 oblique

42
Q

erector spinae group

A

ilicostalis, longissimus, spinalis

43
Q

muscles of thorax (ribs)

A

external intercostals, internal and innermost

44
Q

Elbow movement

A

hinge

45
Q

which joint allows for flexion & extension, abduction & adduction and rotation

A

ball and socket

46
Q

What structure in skeletal muscle cells functions in calcium storage?

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

47
Q

The muscle architecture best designed for maximum force production is …

A

multi-pennate

48
Q

The deltoid is an example of a muscle that moves the….

A

glenohumeral joint

49
Q

Which muscle is a flexor of the thigh at the hip joint?

A

psoas major

50
Q

Which muscle closes mouth?

A

Orbicularis oris

51
Q

Which is the correct order of the erector spinae muscles, from lateral to medial?

A

Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

52
Q

A bilateral contraction of the rectus abdominis would cause…

A

trunk flexion

53
Q

osteoclasts

A

break down bone

54
Q

osteoblast

A

bone formation

55
Q

nerve structure layers

A

endoneurium- inner
perineurium- middle of nerve
epineurium- outer (epi pen goes on outside)

56
Q

spinal nerve at end of the spinal cord

A

cauda equina

57
Q

rotator cuff muscles

A

supraspinatus. infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

58
Q

thick filaments

A

myosin

59
Q

thin filaments

A

actin, tropomyosin, troponin

60
Q

tropomyosin

A

blocks myosin binding to actin in relaxed muscle

61
Q

troponin

A

binding site for Ca2+, which displaces tropomyosin

62
Q

Type 1 muscle fibres

A

slow oxidative, fast type IIA oxidative (intermediate)

-many mitochondria and myoglobin

63
Q

type 2 muscle fibres

A

fast type IIB glycolytic

- few mitochondria ad myoglobin

64
Q

ankle classification

A

synovial hinge

65
Q

knee classification

A

synovial hinge

66
Q

shoulder (glenohumoral) classification

A

synovial ball and socket

67
Q

Action potential steps

A

resting state
depolarisation -Na open
repolarisation- Na close and K open
hyperpolarisation- all start to close and restore

BIOM1070 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions