Module 4 Flashcards
a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals sometime with
nonmineral solid particles.
Rock
Classification of Rocks
Igneous rocks, sedimentary rock, Metamorphic rock
____________________ or magmatic rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification
of magma or lava.
Igneous rocks
Igneous rock can be classified into:
Intrusive igneous rocks., Extrusive igneous rocks.
This type of
igneous rock is formed from
solidification of magma below the
surface They have large crystals of
minerals that formed over time through
the slow process of crystallization in a
magma. Granite, diorite, gabbro,
pegmatite, and peridotite are examples
of this type of rock.
Intrusive igneous rocks.
This type of igneous rock is formed through a faster rate of solidification of lava on the surface
of Earth. They can become glassy in
appearance due to less crystallization or
vesicular like Scoria, due to the air that
was trapped inside when they solidified
and formed on the surface of the earth.
Other examples of this type of rock are
andesite, basalt, dacite, obsidian, pumice,
rhyolite, and tuff.
Extrusive igneous rocks.
formed by the deposition and cementation of mineral or
organic particles on the floor of oceans and other bodies of water at the Earth’s
surface.
Sedimentary rock
Sedimentary rocks can be classified into
clastic, chemical, and organic.
It is formed
from the mechanical weathering debris of
rocks. Examples are breccia,
conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and
shale.
Clastic sedimentary rock.
It is formed
when dissolved materials precipitate from
the solution. Examples of these are rock
salt, iron ore, chert, flint, some dolomites.
Chemical sedimentary rock.
It is formed from the build-up of plant or animal
debris. Examples of this type are coal and fossiliferous limestone.
Organic sedimentary rock.
_________________ forms from existing rock types called “parent rock” in the process
called ________________, which means a change in form.
metamorphism
The original rock which can
be an igneous, sedimentary, or another metamorphic rock is subjected to _____________________ causing a profound chemical or physical change.
heat and pressure,
Metamorphic rocks can
be classified into:
Foliated metamorphic rock, Non-foliated metamorphic rocks
It is
formed through pressure due to
compression of rocks that create bands
called foliation. Examples are gneiss,
phyllite, schist, and slate.
Foliated metamorphic rock.
