Module 3.1 : Atrial Size and Function Flashcards
6 things that affect the size of the LA
- mitral valve disease
- LV systolic or diastolic function
- LV pressure overload
- atrial arrhythmias
+ both a cause and effect - congenital HD
- cardiac transplant
how to measure LA size dimension
- m mode LA measurement
- 2D LA measure PLAX
how to measure LA size volume
- area length method
- ## simpsons biplane method
is dimension or volume more accurate
- volume
normal LA women measurement
2.7-3.8cm
normal LA men measurement
3.0-4.0
what is the limit of difference between the measurement taken in A4C and A2C for LA biplane areal length measurement
> 5mm
LAV - method of disks
- most common method to assess LA size
- LA length should not differ by < 5mm between the views
normal LAVI (left atrial volume index)
- 16-34
severe abnormal LAVI
> /= 48
severe abnormal LA size men
> 5.2
severe abnormal LA size women
> /= 4.7
7 causes of Right atrial enlargement RAE
- Left CHF, diastolic or systolic function
- anything that increase right heart pressure or volume
- tricuspid or pulmonary disease
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. primary pulmonary hypertension
- right heat disease CAD
- athletes heart syndrome
- shunts and other congenital disease
what view is RA measured in only
- Apical 4 chamber
what are the two measurement of the RA
- major axis
- minor axis
major axis normal measurement RA
- < 5.3cm
minor axis normal measurement RA
- < 4.4cm
RV area
- trace RA from medial to lateral
- assessed routinely with LV dysfunction
- exclude Ra appendage and OVE
normal RA area
< 18cm^2
normal female RAVI
= 27
normal male RAVI
= 32
