module 31 Flashcards
memory
persistence of learning over time through encoding, storage, and retrieval of information
recall
person must retrieve information learned earlier on (fill in blank)
recognition
person identifies items previously learned (multiple choice)
relearning
assesses amount of time saved when learning material again
encoding
getting information into the memory system by extracting it’s meaning
storage
retaining encoded information over time
retrieval
getting information out of memory storage
parallel processing
processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously
sensory memory
immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system
short-term memory
memory that holds a few items briefly such as a phone number
long-term memory
permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system; includes knowledge, skills, and experiences
working memory
newer part of short-term, adds conscious active processing of incoming auditory and visual information
explicit memory
retention of facts and experiences a person can know/declare
effortful processing
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
automatic processing
unconscious encoding such as space, time, and frequency of well-learned info
implicit memory
retention of learned skills (nondeclarative)
iconic memory
momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli
echoic memory
momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli
mnemonics
uses vivid imagery and organisational devices
spacing effect
distributed study for long-term memory
testing effect
enhanced memory after retrieving rather than simply rereading info
shallow processing
encoding on a basic level based on structure of words
deep processing
encoding semantically based on meaning of words
