Module 3, Year 1; Module 2, Year 3 - Dr. K Materials Flashcards
*On a CN III test, catch up siccades are controlled by what?
Cerebellum & Pons
*Describe the Prukinje system and function.
Purkinje fibers lie on top of the outer cerebellar covering. They send a “don’t do it” signal to inhibit the deep cerebellar nuclei.
90% of what the brain does is inhibit. The cerebellum has more neurons than the cerebrum.
*What does autophagy do to the brain?
Cleanses brain
Removes metabolic waste
Clears inflammation
*Duel tasking tests what part of the brain?
Frontal lobe
*Describe the D1 and D2 pathways. Which indicate basal ganglia breakdown?
D1 - makes movement, turns on brain, basal ganglia dysfunction is found here
D2 - Inhibits movement
*Caudate regulates _______ movement, and putamen regulates _________ movement.
Caudate… nonmotor
Putamen… motor movement
*Early detectors of Parkinson’s…
Unresolved constipation (Parkinson's start in the gut) Frozen shoulder without trauma Progressive micrography (due to D1 breakdown)
*The substantia nigra compacta is related to which of the following in early Parkinson’s?
D1 - Putamen
*Which cranial nerves feed into the ventral vagal system?
CN V, VII, IX, X
*BJ Palmer was the first to x-ray the spine, which he called a…
Spinography
*What is required for subluxation to manifest in the body?
Time, subluxation unchecked will lead to unwinding dysfunction
*What is the 5th element to subluxation added by BJ Palmer?
3-directional torque misalignment
The other four: misalignment, occlusion, pressure, and interference
*What is the medullary lock?
The innate mechanism that secures the medulla in the center of both the foramen magnum and upper cervical neural canal
*What dysfunction causes the medullary lock to lock?
Dural attachment to the foramen magnum
Dural attachment to posterior arch of C1 and C2
Connective tissue bridge between rectus capitis posterior minor and dura mater
CTB between RCPmaj and dura mater
Dural attachment to ligamentum flavum
CTB between obliquus capitis minor between C1 and C2
Dural attachments between nuchal ligament and dura mater
Vertebrodural ligament
To-be-named-ligament
*Hack’s thought on the RCPmaj.
“…the function of the muscle dural bridge may be to prevent folding on the dura mater during hyperextension of the neck.”
*Distinguish the myelinated from nonmyelinated regions of the vagus nerve.
Unmyelinated - dorsal part, regulated everything below the diaphragm, origin is the dorsal motor nucleus.
Myelinated - ventral part, regulates everything above diaphragm, origin is nucleus ambiguus, social engagement is controlled here (vital for health)
*Which cranial nerves feed into social engagement?
III, V, VII, IX, X, XII
*The ventral vagus system exerts modulatory control over what?
Sympathetic Nervous System
*As part of the polyvagal theory, a main contributor to SIDS is what?
Freeze response
*Dry mouth presentation would be more like a sympathetic or parasympathetic dysfunction?
Parasympathetic dysfunction
*What does the sympathetic system use for body circulation?
Norepinephrine
*Facial symmetry is regulated by what?
CN VII
*Tongue deviation is controlled by what?
CN XII - deviates towards weak side
*Corneal reflex is controlled by what?
CN V