module 3 - Science, Technology, and Nation Building Flashcards
- Own culture and traditions, belief system and indigenous knowledge system were common
- Filipinos were knowledgeable about nature and environment (ex. Herbs)
- Interpretation of heavenly bodies to predict seasons and climates, and organizing days into months and years
- Filipinos had alphabet, number system, weighing scale, measuring systems and calendar
PRE-COLONIAL PHILIPPINES
- Medicine – _________
- _________: building houses, irrigations, tools for everyday life
- Transportation
- Planting
- cooking
- hunting
- fishing
- Weapons
- Musical instrument
- medicinal plants
- Technology
PRE-COLONIAL PHILIPPINES
- ________ – gold, silver, jewelry, ceramics, metal tools
- Trading with China, Indonesia, Japan: ________ and _________
- Indigenous science or folk science
- _____ and _____ occurred (ornaments, seashells, pots, beeswax, cotton, pearls, tortoise shell, medicinal betel nuts, and coconut heart mats)
- Metal age
- Cultural and technological exchange
- Barter and trade
- S&T is embedded in their way of life:
- ___________
- ___________
- ___________
- Planting of crops
- Taking care of animals
- Food production
- Brought their own culture, especially ________
- Established schools for boys and girls (subjects and discipline)
- Beginning of formal science and technology in the country (school of science and technology)
- Concepts related to the human body, plants, animals, heavenly bodies
- Technology focuses on using and developing house tools used in everyday life
SPANISH COLONIZATION
- Catholicism
- Adaptation of Western technology and life
- _______ trade
- Centers of global trade in Southeast Asia
- Superstitious beliefs and catholic doctrines halted growth of science
SPANISH COLONIZATION
- galleon trade
- Establishment of public education system
- Improved engineering works and health conditions of the people
- Modern research university – University of the Philippines
- Public hospitals
AMERICAN ERA
- Exploration and exploitation of mineral resources
- Transportations and communication
- “Americanize” the Philippines
- Develop human resources to serve their own interest – new knowledge and technology in the country
AMERICAN ERA
- Destabilized development of the country
- Institutions and public utilities were burned, bombarded
- Reparation funds focused on building institutions and public facilities
- Improving its science and technological capabilities
- Explored the use of ODA – Overseas Development Allocations
WORLD WAR II AND ITS AFTERMATH
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
- INTERNAL INFLUENCES
- EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
INTERNAL INFLUENCES
- survival
- culture
- economic activities
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
- foreign colonizers
- trade with foreign countries
- international economic demands
selected indigenous S&T
- MEDICAL CARE AND HEALTH PRACTICES
- traditional self-medication
- local healers - FOOD PRESERVATION
- salt coupled with drying as preservatives
- fat as preservative - FARM PRACTICES
- swidden farming (uma)
- seed preservation - ENERGY PRODUCTION
- charcoal burning - ARTS & CRAFTS
- weaving
- jewelry making
- pottery
- wood carving
- tattoo - BURIAL
- ibaloi
- sangadil
▪ Chinese oils or ointments
▪Folk healing techniques (_____)
traditional self-medication
- Ventosa
▪ herbs and roots
- Faith healers
- Folk healers
- Mambunongs
- Badeo
local healers
▪ Salted, smoked, and dried fish and meat products
▪ Bagoong and patis
salt coupled with drying as preservatives
▪ Dinuguan, igado, and adobo
fat as preservatives
▪ The oldest form of agroforestry practice in Ifugao
▪ practices:
- _______ ()
- _______ ()
- _______ ()
swidden farming (uma)
- Apuyan (burning)
- Lotang (fencing)
- Mungabut (weeding)
- placing unthreshed seeds above wood-burning stoves
- hanging them in smoky areas of the kitchen
- Air-drying and mixing of charcoal and leaves of ________ and _________
- Spraying with _______ and _______
seed preservation
- Premna odorata and Vitex negundo
- Biya orellana and Capsicum frutescens
- is used as a domestic fuel for cooking and heating
- _________ (Cebu)
- _________ approach
charcoal burning
- Ham-ak method (cebu)
- Tinabonan approach
▪ one of the most precious living traditions that are kept until today
Examples:
▪ _________ (Antique)
▪ _________
▪ _________ (Cordillera)
weaving
Examples:
▪ Piñacloth (Antique)
▪ Abacafiber
▪ Baskets (Cordillera)
▪ Two major product categories of jewel industry:
- ____________
- ____________
jewelry making
- Precious metal jewelry
- Pearls, precious stones, and semi-precious stones
▪ designs are usually geometric with stylized nature motifs
Examples:
▪ ________
▪ ________
▪ ________
▪ ________
pottery
Examples:
▪ Palayok
▪ Banga and tapayan
▪ Kalan
▪ Burnay (Ilocos sur)
▪ Philippine sculpture is the most familiar art from among Filipinos
Examples:
▪ ________
▪ ________
▪ ________
wood carving
Examples:
▪ Anitos
▪ Santos
▪ Statues of Christ and Blessed
Mother
▪ The practice was common among the major warrior groups in the Cordillera.
▪ Batok is an inscription of culture on the body that can focus on religion, politics, warfare and rituals.
- Butbut Kalinga: ______
- Kalinga and Ifugao: ______
- Bontoc: ______
- Ilocano, Ibaloy, Lepanto
- Sagada: ______
- Kankanaey: ______
tattoo
- Butbut Kalinga: whatok
- Kalinga and Ifugao: batók
- Bontoc: fatek
- Ilocano, Ibaloy, Lepanto
- Sagada: bátek
- Kankanaey: bátak
▪ mummifying their dead, using salt and herbs and set under fire, mummy is placed inside a pinewood coffin and laid to rest in a man-made cave
▪ The Ibaloi used various coffin styles to entomb their dead (_____, _____, _____)
▪ Coffins were carved with geometric, anthropomorphic and/or zoomorphic patterns
ibaloi mummification
- ellipsoidal, parallelepiped, carabao shape
▪ the first medium-term plan anchored on a national long-term vision which represents the collective vision and aspirations of Filipinos for themselves and for the country
▪ “matatag, maginhawa, at panatag na buhay”
- Spend time, with family and community
- Enjoy a comfortable lifestyle
- Feel secure about the future
- Live long and healthy.
philippine development plan 2017-2022 (AmBisyon Natin 2040)
4 AREAS FOR STRATEGIC POLICIES, PROGRAMS, AND PROJECTS
- building prosperous, predominantly middle-class society where no one is poor
- promoting a long and healthy life
- becoming smarter and more innovative
- building a high-trust society
STRATEGIC OUTCOME
- inclusive growth
- high trust and resilient society
- globally competitive knowledge economy
STRATEGIC OUTCOME
- _________: inequality reducing
transformation
a. __________
b. __________
c. __________
d. __________
- inclusive growth
a. human valuation
b. protection
c. security
d. economic equality
STRATEGIC OUTCOME
- _________: enhancing the social fabric
a. __________
b. __________
c. __________
- high trust and resilient society
a. trust
b. justice
c. respect
STRATEGIC OUTCOME
- _________: (patuloy na pag-unlad)
a. __________
b. __________
- globally competitive knowledge economy
a. social growth
b. economic growth
sustainable development goals (1)
- no poverty
- zero hunger
- good health and well-being
- quality education
- gender equality
- clean water and sanitation
- affordable and clean energy
- decent work and economic growth
sustainable development goals (2)
- industry, innovation, and infrastructure
- reduced inequalities
- sustainable cities and communities
- responsible consumption and production
- climate action
- life below water
- life on land
- peace, justice, and strong institutions
- partnerships for the goals
