module 3: inflammation and pain

Question 1

nocioceptive pain

Answer 1

processing of brain signals in the brain that gives rise to feeling of pain

Question 2

adjuvant analgesic drugs

Answer 2

drugs that are added for combined therapy w/ primary drug. may have additive or primary analgesic properties or both

Question 3

neuorpathic pain

Answer 3

pain that results from distrubance of function in a nerve

Question 4

breakthrough pain

Answer 4

pain between doses of medications

Question 5

acute pain

Answer 5

pain that is sudden and onset, usually subsides when treated.

Question 6

chronic pain

Answer 6

persistent or reoccurring pain that is difficult to treat. lasts longer than 3-6 months, pain accompanied by non healing tissue, pain longer than 1 month after healing

Question 7

tolerance

Answer 7

repetitive exposure to drug over time induces changes in drug receptors which reduces drugs affects

Question 8

analgesics

Answer 8

medications relieving pain without causing loss of consciousness

Question 9

opioid

Answer 9

class of drugs used to treat pain, interchangeable with narcotic

Question 10

pannus

Answer 10

layer of vascular fibrous tissue extends over anatomical structure

Question 11

rescue dose

Answer 11

as needed dose for worsening of pain out of nowhere, given to get through the pain

Question 12

Ankylosis

Answer 12

abnormal stiffening of joint due to bone fusion

Question 13

osteoarthritis

Answer 13

genetic predisposition, autoimmune disease that creates synovial membrane (in the joint) inflammation processes. Over time joint inflammation erodes the membrane cartilage which leads to swelling, pain and joint deformity . This then affects functional and mobility

Question 14

Rheumatoid factor

Answer 14

RA is marked by autoantibodies to an abnormal immunoglobulin. Autoantibodies known as RF (rheumatoid factor)

Question 15

salicylate poisoning

Answer 15

usually occurs from aspirin. chronic toxicity usually causes hearing loss & tinnitus. While acute toxicity usually forms from one single toxic dose and results in similar effects they just occur more quickly.

Question 16

juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Answer 16

a series of diseases characterized by inflammation of joints from autoimmune conditions. Can cause disability with joint deformity, physical and mobile impairments. In children under age of 16 but peaks from 1-2. Many cases it fades but they do see early adult onset arthritis.

Question 17

gout

Answer 17

either over production of uric acid or decreased secretion of uric acid or even both. Both of these things cause too much uric acid in the blood, so when too much uric acid crystals form and collect in joints & tissues. In result an anti-inflammatory response occurs and this is associated with extreme pain. Think of crystals like tiny needles

Question 18

Cyclooxygenase (COX)

Answer 18

enzyme that NSAIDS block