Module 3: Immune System Disorders Flashcards
Type I Hypersensitivity is mediated by what immunoglobulin?
IgE
What is the allergic reaction of Type I Hypersensitivity?
Anaphylactic reaction
What cells “de-granulate” for Type I Hypersensitivity?
mast cells or eosinophils
What is the immediate response for Type I Hypersensitivity?
- IgE released by B cells
- Release of histamine from mast cells
- Eosinophils recruitment, release of granules/mediator, epithelial damage
What is the delayed response for Type I Hypersensitivity?
- leukocyte infiltration, edema, mucus secretion, epithelial damage
- prostaglandin
What is the result of the immediate and delayed response for Type I Hypersensitivity? (3)
- decreased BP (vasodilation), increased heart rate
- swelling, redness, itching, rash
- bronchospasm and upper airway swelling
What type of hypersensitivity is when a specific cell or tissue is the target of an immune response?
Type II Hypersensitivity
What happens in a Type II Hypersensitive Reaction?
an antibody binds to an antigen in the tissue ending in cellular dysfunction or destruction
What type of Hypersensitivity is Goodpasture’s Syndrome?
Type II Hypersensitivity
What organs are affected by Goodpasture’s Syndrome?
kidney and lungs
What are the symptoms of Goodpasture’s Syndrome?
fatigue, dyspnea, hematuria, dysuria, proteinuria, edema
What type of hypersensitivity is Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction?
Type II Hypersensitivity
What type of hypersensitivity is Myasthenia Gravis?
Type II Hypersensitivity
What happens in Masthenia Gravis?
the acetylcholine receptor is block causing muscle weakness
What are the symptoms of Myasthenia Gravis?
ptosis, diplopia, dysphagia, dyspnea, and limb weakness
What happens in a Type III Hypersensitivity Reaction?
Antigen-antibody immune complexes form in circulation and deposit in vessel walls or extravascular tissues
Small complexes in Type III Hypersensitivity Reaction are removed by _______.
Kidneys
Large complexes in Type III Hypersensitivity Reaction are removed by ________.
Macrophages
What type of complexes in Type III Hypersensitivity Reaction lead to auto-immune disease development
intermediate
What type of Hypersensitivity is Lupus?
Type III Hypersensitivity
What parts of the body are affected by Lupus?
Skin, Heart, Lungs, Kidneys, Blood, Muscle, Joint
What type of Hypersensitivity is Raynaud’s Disease/Syndrome? What is the difference between disease and syndrome?
Type III Hypersensitivity
- Disease: independent of outside factor
- Syndrome: dependent of outside factor
What type of hypersensitivity is Type IV?
cell-mediated
What cells are responsible for immune reaction in Type IV Hypersensitivity?
T cells
- Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+): directly kill healthy tissue
- Th1 helper T cells (CD4+): recruit phagocytes (macrophages) to tissues
What type of Hypersensitivity is Allergic Contact Dermatitis?
Type IV
List some primary deficiencies
SCID; DuGeorge; Bruton’s agammaglobulemia; IgA deficiency
