Module 3-glucose can be synthesized from non carbohydrate precursor

Question 1

what does the gluconeogenic path way convert

Answer 1

pyruvate into glucose

Question 2

what is pyruvate formed from

Answer 2

non-carbohydrate precursors such as lactate and some amino acids

Question 3

what are the three gluconeogenic precursors

Answer 3

-lactate
-amino acids
-glycerol

Question 4

how much pyruvate is needed per one molec of glucose

Answer 4

glucose is a six-carbon molec. pyruvate is a three. two molecs of pyruvate gave to flow through the first part of the path way down to glyceraldehyde-3-p for every one molec of glucose synthesised

Question 5

how does lactate enter the gluconeogenic pathway

Answer 5

-one fate of pyruvate is lactate
-this is reversible
-most lactate in our bodies is produced from anaerobic metabolism
-its released into blood and eventually taken up by liver
-then converted back to pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase
-then enters the gluconeogenesis pathway

Question 6

how do amino acids enter the gluconeogenic pathway

Answer 6

some that are derived form the diet or from protein degradation, can be metabolized to intermediates in the gluconeogenic path way

Question 7

how do glycerols make there way into the gluconeogenic pathway

Answer 7

-triacylglycerols, the form we store in our bodies can be broken down into fatty acids and glycerol
-while fatty acids are used by various organs in our body for fuel the glycerol is released from adipose tissue into the blood and taken into the liver
-glycerol is converted to dihydroxyacetone phosphate in a two step process