Module 3 (Eukarya) Flashcards
describe the size and shape of the eukarya
size: diverse
shape: larger than the prokaryotes
this is the smalles algae
ostreococcus tauri
these are intracellular structures with functions
organelles
what is the advantage of compartmentalization?
this allows cellular organelles to function properly and simultaneously
what units does the archaea have in its PM eukarya and bacteria dont?
isoprene units
describe the plasma membrane of the eukarya
lipid bilayer composed of phospholipids and sphingolipids and sterols
what sterol occurs in the plasma membrane of the eukarya?
cholesterol
a carbohydrate-rich layer with membrane proteins and lipids
glycocalyx
this encloses the different organelles suspended in the cytosol
cytoplasm
three types of interconnected filaments
actin filaments
intermediate filaments
microtubules
among the three interconnected filaments, this is the biggest
microtubules
this compose actin filaments
actin proteins
these are the protein of intermediate filaments
keratin and vimentin
this compose microtubulus
a-tubulin and b-tubulin
this is the function of actin filament
movement of structures within the cell
this is the function of intermediate filament
this supports nuclear envelope
supports the structure of the cell
this is the function of microtubules
spindle formation during cell division
motility of cilia and flagella
under secretory and endocytic pathway
golgi apparatus
smooth and rough ER
lysosomes
under genetic control
nucleus
ribosomes
energy conservation
mitochondria
hydrogenosomes
chloroplast
cisternae
the flattened sacs of ER and golgi apparatus
the function of rough ER
protein synthesis
the function of soft ER
lipid synthesis
golgi apparatus function
packages materials and prepares them for secretion
the entrance of golgi apparatus
cis or forming face
the exit of golgi apparatus
trans or maturing face
a stack of flattened cisternae
dictyosome
also called the suicide bag
lysosome
lysosome function as
intracellular digestion of macromolecules
the enzyme use by lysosome
hydrolase
it maintains an acidic environment
lysosome
control center of the cell
nucleus
repository of the cell’s genetic information
nucleus
robert brown
discovered nucleus
sites for replication and TRANSCRIPTION
NUCLEUS
these are the subunits of ribosomes
60s + 40s
the total units of ribosomes
80s
these are the rRNA molecules of 60s
28s, 5s, 5.8s
number of proteins under 60s
50
these are the rRNA molecules of 40s
18s
number of proteins under 40s
30
number of total proteins
80
mitochondria functions
metabolic processes of tricarboxylic acid cycle and etc for generation of atp
the cell energy currency
ATP
the mitochondrial family
mitosome anaerobic mitochondrion aerobic mitochondrion hydrogenosome h2 -producing mitochondrion
provides atp without the use of o2 and lacks hydrogenase
anaerobic mitochondrion
does not provide atp for the cell
mitosome
provides atp with the use of o2
aerobic mitochondrion
provides atp without the use of o2 and have hydrogenase
h2 -producing mitochondrion
produces co2, h2, and acetate thru fermentation
hydrogenosomes
sites of photosynthesis
chloroplast
glucose and oxygen
the products of photosynthesis
where dark reaction happens
stroma
where light reaction happens
thylakoid
the dna inside the chloroplast
plasmid
