Module 3 Depth Study

Question 1

What are the conditions for a chemical reaction to occur?

Answer 1

Particles must collide in the correct orientation and the collisions must have sufficient kinetic energy that is equal or larger than the activation energy.

Question 2

What are the three steps in risk assessment.

Answer 2

1. Identify
2. Assess (likelihood and severity)
3. Control

Question 3

what are the indicators of a chemical reaction?

Answer 3

1. Change in colour
2. Change in temperature
3. Light produced
4. Production of gas
5. Formation of a precipitate

Question 4

What does acid + carbonate form

Answer 4

= salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 5

What are four ways to increase rate of reaction?

Answer 5

1. Increase temperature
2. Increase surface area
3. Increase concentration
4. Add a catalyst

Question 6

What is the rate law?

Answer 6

The concentration of a reaction or volume of gaseous product is measured as the reaction progress over time, since the rate of reaction cannot be directly measured.

Question 7

What is zero order?

Answer 7

If the rate is not affected by the concentration of a reactant, when you double the concentration the rate stays exactly the same. (graph has zero gradient)

Question 8

What is first order?

Answer 8

If the rate is proportional to the concentration of a reactant, when you double the concentration the rate doubles. (graph is linear)

Question 9

What is second order?

Answer 9

If the rate is proportional to the square of the concentration of a reactant, when you double the concentration the rate goes up four times. (graph is an exponential curve)

Question 10

Formula for rate of reaction:

Answer 10

Reaction rate = change in concentration/ change in time

Question 11

What are clock reactions?

Answer 11

Reactions that change colour suddenly.

Question 12

What is the unit of rate of reaction?

Answer 12

mol/L (molarity) over time

Question 13

What do you write if the question asks for rate law.

Answer 13

you write the substance in brackets to the power of 0,1 or 2.

Question 14

What do you write if the question asks for the overall order of the reaction.

Answer 14

qualitative answer (words), you write either “zero order”, “first order”, or “second order”.

Question 15

What are random errors?

Answer 15

Random errors occur in an unpredictable manner and are generally small. A random error could be the result of a researcher reading the same result correctly one time and incorrectly another time.
These are one off errors.

Question 16

What are systematic errors?

Answer 16

A systematic error is an error that is consistent and will occur again if the investigation is repeated in the same way. Systematic errors are usually the result
of instruments that are not calibrated correctly or procedures that are flawed.