Module 3 Data and information

Question 1

DIKW Model: Data

Answer 1

Raw data that has not been processed

Question 2

DIKW: Information

Answer 2

Defined as having been inferred from data

One or more processes have been applied to data to transform it to a more useful form

Question 3

DIKW: Knowledge

Answer 3

Defined as information that has been put to use

Synthesis of several sources of information

Information is placed into context so user of information can pull only relevant information

Question 4

DIKW: Wisdom

Answer 4

Wisdom comes from having knowledge and experience

Provides understanding of “why?”

Eg. Why things happened the way they did or why people do what they do

Question 5

Information System

Answer 5

Collection of data and information used to support management of an organization

Not necicarrily related to tech, eg. could be card catalog system of a library

Question 6

Characteristics of Quality Data: Relevance

Answer 6

Data being used applies directly to decision being made or the question being answered

Eg. collecting data on prior business transactions with specific customer in order to serve that customers needs

Question 7

Characteristics of Quality Data: Timely

Answer 7

Data must be efficient and provided in timely manner so it can be used

If there is a delay, the data may no longer be of use or be properly able to serve it’s purpose

Question 8

Characteristics of Quality Data: Thorough

Answer 8

The data is complete

Eg. if customer does not provide Apt # in address items will not be able to be delivered

Question 9

Characteristics of Quality Data: Accurate

Answer 9

Definition: Data should be sufficiently accurate for its intended purposes. Where possible, data should be captured once only, although it may have multiple uses. Accuracy is most likely to be secured if data is captured as close to the point of activity as possible.

If a business decides to send out personalized mailers to their previous customers in an effort to gain more sales, they need to be as certain as possible that the mailing addresses kept in their customer database are correct. Because some customers may have moved, the company should ensure that they are using the most recent contact information they have available.

Question 10

Characteristics of Quality Data: Reliable

Answer 10

Data reflects stable and consistent collection processes across collection points and over time

Eg. Each year anual sales data was gethered for the same time period using the same instruments and collection processes

Eg. Two sales people sell the same item but one records with sales tax and the other without. A manager could look at this and incorrectly surmise that one has higher numbers than the other but, in reality it is caused by lack of consistency in data recording