Module 3

Question 1

Things you were thought about infection control

Answer 1

1. Wash hands
2. Don’t share food or drink
3. Stay home if I’ll
4. Cover cough/sneeze

Question 2

Four major groups of microorganisms known to produce disease

Answer 2

1. Bacteria
2. Viruses
3. Fungi
4. Parasites

Question 3

Bacteria

Answer 3

Minute one-cell organism, classified according to shape or how they group together

Indigenous micro flora are bacteria that normally live in the body

Many disease caused by bacteria are treated with antibiotics

We worry about drug resistance like MRSA

Question 4

Viruses

Answer 4

Smaller than bacteria

Need a living host to live

Flu, aids, hepatitis are viruseS

Treated with antiviral drugs , antibiotics don’t work

Question 5

Fungi

Answer 5

Yeasts and moldS

Require dark moist areas to grow

Candida causes thrush and vaginal infx
Moods cause ring worm and athletes foot

Treated with anti fungal drugs

Question 6

Parasites

Answer 6

Are Protozoa

Malaria is caused by Protozoa

Lice is a parasite

Treated with anti protozoan drugs

Question 7

How are organisms transmitted from one place to another?

Answer 7

1. Contact 
Direct: patient, person, animal
Indirect: touching
Droplets: direct- shaking hands
                Indirect- sneezing 

2. Vehicle
   Via water, food or body fluids
3. Vector
   Insects/animals

Question 8

Health Canada identifies 5 routes of transmission

Answer 8

Contact
Driplet
Air borne 
Vehicle 
Vector

Question 9

First like of defence

Answer 9

1. Skin/mucous membranes
2. Celia in nostril/resp
3. Acidic conditions in GI tract

Question 10

Second line of defence (specific)

Answer 10

1. Inflammatory response- increase blood supply

2. Fever-increase WBC, phagocytosis response

Question 11

Third line of response (specific)

Answer 11

1. Antigens (cause disease)

2. Antibodies (cure disease)

Question 12

What makes RT patient susceptible

Answer 12

1. Age- elderly/very young have decrease immunity
2. Nutritionally compromised- decreased appetite
3. Treatment chemo/RT- decrease immunity
4. Comorbidities
5. Invasive procedures

Question 13

3 signs/symptoms of an infection

Answer 13

1. Fever
   >38 over 4 hours
2. Lymph node swelling
3. Inflammation

Question 14

Nosocomial infx

Answer 14

Is one which a patient acquires during his stay in hospital

Hospital microorganisms: over crowding

Transmission: environmental factors like air flow

Compromised patients: poor immune systems

Question 15

Patient has TB with designing lesions

Answer 15

Wash hands
Glove up (not it air borne)
Gown up
Mask for patient and staff

Question 16

Patient with hepatitis B

Answer 16

Wash hands
Wear gloves
Only gown with open wounds
No mask

Question 17

Shingles

Answer 17

Wash hands
Wear gloves
Wear gown
Wear mask

Question 18

Clostridium difficile

Answer 18

Wash hands
Wear gloves
Wear gown
No mask

Question 19

What can be done to reduce the risk of infx for these patients?

Answer 19

1. Improve host defenses
2. Reduce exposure to pathogens
3. Adequate rest and activity
4. Deep breathing excersise

Question 20

BMT

bone marrow transplant

Answer 20

Isolation

Increases immunosuppression to decrease chance of rejection

WBC 40-50
Hemoglobin 60-90