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Honors Appreciation of Music > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Absolute Music

A

Music for music’s sake

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2
Q

Theme

A

Musical building block

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3
Q

Motive

A

Small fragment of the theme

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4
Q

Lied

A

Art song (German)

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5
Q

Song Cycle

A

A group of lieds with the same idea

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6
Q

Through Composed

A

No repeats

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7
Q

Program Music

A
  • Outside influences
  • Tells a story
  • Creates a mental image
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8
Q

Idee Fixed

A
  • Berlioz
  • Recurring theme
  • Thoughts of beloved
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9
Q

Orchestration

A

Music is put together for an orchestra

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10
Q

Leitmotifs

A
  • Recurring theme
  • Longer than an idee fix
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11
Q

Cultivated Music Tradition

A
  • Art music
  • Learned music
  • Europe to America
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12
Q

Classical Period

A

1750-1825

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13
Q

Romantic Period

A

1820-1900

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14
Q

Why is Vienna important?

A

Main concert area

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15
Q

What is classical music?

A

All western European music

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16
Q

What is Classical music?

A

Classical era

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17
Q

What are the music characteristics of Classical style?

A
  • Structure
  • Clear harmonies
  • Homophonic
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18
Q

What is the most important organizing element in Classical style music?

A

Form

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19
Q

What is the form of each movement of a multi-movement Classical work?

A
  1. Sonata-allegro form
  2. Theme and variations or ternary (A-B-A)
  3. Minuet and trio, or scherzo and trio
  4. Sonata-allegro form (or rondo, sonata-rondo)
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20
Q

What are the general characteristics of each movement of a symphony?

A
  1. Fast
  2. Slow
  3. Dance (optional)
  4. Fast
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21
Q

What instruments are in a string quartet?

A
  • 2 violins
  • 1 viola
  • 1 cello
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22
Q

What group of instruments comprised the nucleus of the Classical orchestra?

A

Strings

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23
Q

What is Haydn’s nickname?

A
  • Father of the Symphony
  • Father of the String Quartet
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24
Q

What are the three main sections of sonata-allegro form?

A
  1. Exposition (statement of themes)
  2. Development (conflict and action)
  3. Recapitulation (physiological climax)
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25
Q

What two ways is the term symphony used?

A
  1. Genre (s)
  2. Ensemble (S)
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26
Q

Was Mozart a prodigy?

A

Yes

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27
Q

Who is Maria Anna “Nannerl” Mozart?

A
  • Mozart’s sister
  • Piano player
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28
Q

What composer wrote in classical style and then transitioned into the Romantic period with his composing?

A

Beethoven

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29
Q

What two things help to differentiate musical periods?

A
  1. The number of instruments
  2. How instruments are used
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30
Q

From what ailment does Beethoven suffer?

A

Deaf

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31
Q

What is the importance and characteristics of the motive in Beethoven’s Symphony No. 5?

A
  • Motive- short, short, long
  • Present throughout the whole symphony
  • Knock of fate
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32
Q

When did trombones appear in a symphony?

A

Beethoven’s Symphony No. 5 (last movement, 4th)

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33
Q

What helped shape the new social order of the 19th century?

A
  • Rise of the middle class
  • Rise of technology
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34
Q

Where was concert life centered in the 19th century?

A

Vienna

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35
Q

How did the orchestras of the 19th century change?

A
  • Larger
  • Conductor
  • Wider ranges
36
Q

What are the characteristics of Romantic-style music?

A
  • Melodic lyricism
  • Chromatic harmony
  • Bigger forms
37
Q

What pianist developed the modern style of piano playing?

A

Frédéric Chopin

38
Q

Did nationalism create an interest in folklore and folk music?

A

Yes

39
Q

Who are two composers of 19th-century lieder?

A
  • Franz Schubert
  • Robert Schumann
40
Q

What was the most important keyboard instrument in the Romantic period?

A

Piano

41
Q

Which instrument’s popularity assisted sheet music publication and provided a socially acceptable performance outlet for women?

A

Piano

42
Q

Who is Fanny Mendelssohn Hansel?

A
  • Sister of Felix Mendelssohn
  • Composer
43
Q

Who was the master of the 19th-century opera?

A

Giuseppe Verdi

44
Q

Which composer was considered to be the most important figure in the artistic world in the later part of the 19th century?

A

Richard Wagner

45
Q

The artistic worlds of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were influenced by what?

A
  • Industrialism
  • Wars
  • Nationalism
  • Exoticism
46
Q

What was the early 19th-century American musical culture?

A

Influenced by European, West African, and Native American culture

47
Q

For what types of tunes is Stephen Foster known?

A

Parlor songs

48
Q

Was the piano recital created in the Romantic era?

A

Yes

49
Q

Which Russian composer was liked by Western audiences?

A

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

50
Q

From what sources did Dvorak encourage American composers to take inspiration?

A
  • West African Americans (slaves)
  • Native Americans
51
Q

Which composer’s music exemplifies impressionism?

A

Claude Debussy

52
Q

What was the size of Mahler’s orchestras?

A

Larger

53
Q

How did Mahler feel about belonging in the world?

A

No place in the world (outsider)

54
Q

Where did Mahler fall in history?

A

Bridged the Romantic and Modern period

55
Q

What was Mahler’s day job?

A

Conductor

56
Q

What was the Second Great Awakening?

A
  • Christian movement
  • Early 1800s
57
Q

What genres were brought to America from Africa?

A
  • Ring Shout
  • Work songs
58
Q

What are the characteristics of the African American spiritual?

A
  • Worship
  • Subversive political endeavor
59
Q

Who attended camp meetings?

A

African Americans and European Americans

60
Q

What is African musical philosophy?

A

“Music comes out of life, and life come out of music”

61
Q

How was West African music transmitted?

A
  • Slave trade
  • Orally
62
Q

What are the characteristics and performance practices of West African music?

A

Call and response

63
Q

With what institution have bands always been associated?

A

Military

64
Q

What is the oldest professional band in the U.S.?

A

The U.S. Marine Band

65
Q

Who is America’s most famous bandmaster?

A

JP Sousa

66
Q

Why is JP Sousa famous?

A
  • “The March King”
  • Conducted the U.S. Marine Band
  • Toured extensively, spread ragtime to Europe
67
Q

What is the name of the official march of the United States?

A

The Stars and Stripes Forever

68
Q

What are America’s vernacular music traditions at the end of the 19th century?

A

Parlor songs

69
Q

What is Scott Joplin’s nickname?

A

“King of Ragtime”

70
Q

What is the principal characteristic of ragtime?

A
  • Syncopated
  • Repetition
  • Clear sections
71
Q

Why is the saxophone not included in the standard instrumentation of the orchestra?

A
  • Invented after orchestral sound was solidified
72
Q

What West African drum is known as the king’s drum?

A

Djembe

73
Q

What is acculturation?

A

Blending of cultures

74
Q

How does the process of acculturation pertain to American music?

A

American music is a combination of many different cultures, preserving many individual cultures

75
Q

What is the coded meaning of Moses in African American spirituals?

A

Harriet Tubman (underground railroad)

76
Q

What is the coded meaning of Jordan River in African American spirituals?

A

Ohio River (freedom)

77
Q

Piano Concerto in G major

A
  • Mozart
  • Concerto
78
Q

Symphony No. 5 in C Minor

A
  • Beethoven
  • Symphony
79
Q

Elfking

A
  • Schubert
  • Lied
80
Q

Symphonic Fantastique Movement IV/V

A
  • Berlioz
  • Program Symphony
81
Q

The Valkyrie

A
  • Wagner
  • Music drama
82
Q

Madame Butterfly, Act II, Aria, “Un bei di”

A
  • Puccini
  • Opera buffa
83
Q

Swing Low, Sweet Chariot

A
  • Anonymous (Fisk Jubilee Quartet)
  • Spiritual
84
Q

Maple Leaf Rag

A
  • Joplin
  • Piano rag
85
Q

Early in the Mornin’

A
  • Unknown
  • Work song

Honors Appreciation of Music (4 decks)

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