Module 3 Flashcards
affecting both sexes and appears in every generation
autosomal dominant
affects both sexes and can skip generations through carriers
autosomal recessive
the patterns in which single-gene traits and disorder occur in families
mode of inheritance
a piece of DNA that encodes a particular trait
gene
an alternative form of a gene
allele
it is expressed with it is alone or in pairs
dominant allele
expressed only if dominant allele is absent
recessive allele
genetic composition of an individual (TT, tt, Tt)
genotype
grade of similarity between alleles that determine one specif trait in an organism
zygosity
contains a pair of the same allele
homozygous
two the same recessive alleles (tt, yy)
homozygous recessive
two of the same dominant alleles (TT, YY)
homozygous dominant
contains two different alleles (Tt, Yy, Ww)
heterozygous
Physical expression of a gene or allele
phenotypes
most common phenotype
wild types
variant of a gene’s expression that arises when the gene undergoes mutation
mutant phenotype
when a plant self fertilizes and produces offsprings with the same traits
true-breeding
a specific characteristic
trait
units of inheritance
elementen
mendels idea that elementen separates in the gemete
law of segregation
who devised Punnet squares
Reginald Crundall Punnett
a graph or chart that illustrates predictions of all possible gene combinations in a cross of parents
Punnet Squares
- simplest
- involved one 1 characteristic
monohybrid cross
study of inheritance patterns for organisms differing in two characteristics
dihybrid cross
application of probability theory that can predict the chance that parents with known genotype can produce offspring of a particular genotype
product rule
AKA mendelian/monofactorial disorder
single-gene inheritance and disorders
