Module 3 Flashcards
Bacteria change substances
into more useful forms and recycle back
nutrients to the environment
• Bacteria that form nodules on the roots of
legumes, convert N2
into fixed nitrogen that
the plants use for growth
• Using bacteria for insect pest control
• Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt corn) against
caterpillars, bollworms, corn borers
These are the benefits of bacteria in what aspect?
Agriculture
What microorganism are widely employed for fuel biogeneration
through enzymatic production from starch,
plant biomass, agri-waste?
Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and E.coli
Process where microorganisms are
used to degrade and remove
pollutants from the environment?
Bioremediation
Microorganisms help convert liquid
and organic materials in sewage
treatment plants into?
CO2
, nitrates,
phosphates, ammonia, methane
Examples of microorganisms used in bioremediation
Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis remove Cr (VI)
• Zygomycetes and Aspergillus sp.
decolorize and detoxify textile
wastewaters
• Oilspills
Microbes are used to produce antibiotics such as?
Penicillin- Penicillum chrysogenum,
Streptomycin- Streptomyces griseus
What do you call it when Live microorganisms which
when administered confer a health
benefit on the host?
Probiotics
Microorganism used in B vitamins for metabolism and Vitamin
K for blood clotting?
E. Coli
Foods that benefit from the effects of
microorganisms include?
cheese, yogurt,
buttermilk, sauerkraut, pickles, sausages,
baked goods, and alcoholic beverages
What do you the process when raw materials are
converted to fermented foods by the
growth and metabolic activities of
desirable microorganism?
Fermentation
Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactococcus lactis used for the production of?
Cheese
Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactocbacillus
brevi are used in making?
Pickles
brewing yeast
(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is used to make?
Wine, alcoholic beverages
use of
microorganisms such as _, their metabolic
products, or both to preserve foods
Bacteriocins
the use of
microorganisms in industrial biosynthesis,
typically by microorganisms that have
been genetically modified to synthesize
products of high commercial value is called?
Biotechnology
Bacteria can be manipulated to
produce enzymes and proteins they
normally would not produce such as?
Insulin
• Human Growth Hormone
• Interferon
• Vaccines
Recombinant dna
Gene therapy
• Genetically altered strains of bacteria
to protect fruits from frost
• Modified bacteria to control insects that
damage crops
• Improve appearance, flavor, shelf life of
Australian Academy of Science, fruits and vegetables
Result of?
Genetic engineering
Example of yeast that cause food spoilage are?
Zygosaccharomyces, Candida
Molds are the major causes of spoilage
of foods with reduced water activity e.g
dry cereals and cereal product. Molds such as?
Zygomycetes, Penicillia, Aspergilli
Bacteria spoil foods with relatively high
water activity such as milk and products such as?
LAB, Bronchothrix thermosphacta,
Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp.
Example of Wood destroying fungi
Serpula lacrymans,
Chaetomium
Polymeric materials are potential
source of carbon and energy for
heterotrophic microorganisms including
bacteria and fungi in several ways their
biodegradation affect these industries. These bacteria and fungi are?
Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Bacillus sp,
Pseudomonas sp., Streptomyces sp
What do you call the diseases that are new or changing and are
increasing or have the potential to
increase in incidence in the new future?
Emerging infectious diseases (EID)
Examples of emerging infectious diseases includes
Zika virus disease(Zika virus),
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS
coronavirus), influenza (H1N1, avian influenza A H5N1), Ebola, Covid19 (SARS-cov-2)
