Module 3

Question 1

Suko ka na ba?

Answer 1

Kasi ako oo hahahaha

Question 2

is “a smaller (but hopefully representative) collection of units from a population used to determine truths about that population” (Field, 2005)

Answer 2

sample

Question 3

Why sample?

Answer 3

• Resources (time, money) and workload
• Gives results with known accuracy that can be calculated mathematically

Question 4

is the list from which the potential respondents are drawn

Answer 4

sampling frame

Question 5

3 factors that influence sample representativeness:

Answer 5

• Sampling procedure
• Sample size
• Participation (response)

Question 6

When might you sample the entire population?

Answer 6

• When your population is very small
• When you have extensive resources
• When you don’t expect a very high response

Question 7

Researchers take a sample of the population and use the data from the sample to draw conclusions about the population as a whole.

Answer 7

GENERALIZATION

Question 8

These are different methods researchers can potentially use to obtain individuals to be in a sample

Answer 8

sampling methods

Question 9

The first class of sampling methods is known as ______ _____ methods because every member in a population has an equal probability of being selected to be in the sample.

Answer 9

probability sampling methods

Question 10

Every member of a population has an equal chance of being selected to be in the sample. Randomly select members through the use of a random number generator or some means of random selection.

Answer 10

Simple random sampling

Question 11

Split a population into clusters. Randomly select some of the clusters and include all members from those clusters in the sample.

Answer 11

Cluster random sample

Question 12

Split a population into groups. Randomly select some members from each group to be in the sample.

Answer 12

Stratified random sample

Question 13

Put every member of a population into some order. Choosing a random starting point and select every nth member to be in the sample.

Answer 13

Systematic random sample

Question 14

True or False

Stratified random samples are usually representative of the population we’re interested in since every member has an equal chance of being included in the sample.

Answer 14

False

Simple random samples are usually representative of the population we’re interested in since every member has an equal chance of being included in the sample.

Question 15

True or False

Simple random samples ensure that members from each group in the population are included in the survey.

Answer 15

False

Stratified random samples ensure that members from each group in the population are included in the survey.

Question 16

True or False

Cluster random samples get every member from some of the groups, which is useful when each group is reflective of the population as a whole.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

True or False

Systematic random samples are usually representative of the population we’re interested in since every member has an equal chance of being included in the sample.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Another class of sampling methods wherein not every member in a population has an equal probability of being selected to be in the sample.

Answer 18

Non-probability Sampling Methods

Question 19

True or False

Non-probability sampling method is sometimes used because it’s much cheaper and more convenient compared to probability sampling methods.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

True or False

Non-probability sampling method is often used during exploratory analysis when researchers simply want to gain an initial understanding of a population.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

True or False

The samples that result from non-probability sampling methods cannot be used to draw inferences about the populations they came from because they typically are representative samples.

Answer 21

False

The samples that result from non-probability sampling methods cannot be used to draw inferences about the populations they came from because they typically aren’t representative samples.

Question 22

Choose members of a population that are readily available to be included in the sample.

Answer 22

Convenience sample

Question 23

A researcher puts out a request for volunteers to be included in a study and members of a population voluntarily decide to be included in the sample or not.

Answer 23

Voluntary response sample

Question 24

Researchers recruit initial subjects to be in a study and then ask those initial subjects to recruit additional subjects to be in the study.

Answer 24

Snowball sample

Question 25

Researchers recruit individuals based on who they think will be most useful based on the purpose of their study.

Answer 25

Purposive sample

Question 26

True or False In convenience sample, location and time of day will affect the results. More than likely, the sample will suffer from undercoverage bias since certain people (e.g. those who work during the day) will not be represented as much in the sample.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

True or False In voluntary sample, people who voluntarily respond will likely have weaker opinions (positive or negative) than the rest of the population, which makes them an unrepresentative sample. Using this sampling method, the sample is likely to suffer from nonresponse bias – certain groups of people are simply less likely to provide responses.

Answer 27

False People who voluntarily respond will likely have stronger opinions (positive or negative) than the rest of the population, which makes them an unrepresentative sample. Using this sampling method, the sample is likely to suffer from nonresponse bias – certain groups of people are simply less likely to provide responses.

Question 28

True or False In snowball sample, sampling bias is likely to occur. Because initial subjects recruit additional subjects, it’s likely that many of the subjects will share similar traits or characteristics that might be unrepresentative of the larger population under study. Thus, findings from the sample can’t be extrapolated to the population.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

True or False In purposive sample, the individuals in the sample are unlikely to be representative of the overall population. Thus, findings from the sample can’t be extrapolated to the population.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

_________ imposes restrictions on the researcher’s choice of samples. Here, the researcher is limited to the selection of samples

Answer 30

Controlled quota sampling

Question 31

________ does not impose any restrictions on the researcher’s choice of samples. Here, the researcher chooses sample members at will.

Answer 31

Uncontrolled quota sampling

Question 32

What are the Non-Probability Sampling methods?

Answer 32

Convenience sample Voluntary response sample Snowball sample Purposive sample Quota Sampling

Question 33

What are the Probability Sampling methods?

Answer 33

Simple random sample Stratified random sample Cluster random sample Systematic random sample

Question 34

Variable that cannot be manipulated

Answer 34

Independent variable

Question 35

Variable that can be manipulated

Answer 35

Dependent variable

Question 36

True or False Probability and non-probability sampling methods can be combined because they cannot serve their own purpose.

Answer 36

False Cannot be combined as non-probability sampling method is bias or has a criteria