MODULE 2C: MAPS AS SOURCES OF HUMAN ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Question 1

Recent technological advances in computerized mapping and visualization have created opportunities to visualize and explore human-environment connections that were previously invisible

Answer 1

Human Ecology Mapping (HEM)

Question 2

Extracting HE information using analytical tools and operations in GIS

Answer 2

1. Database query
2. Map Algebra
3. Distance operators
4. Overlay Analysis
5. Geoprocessing
6. Terrain Analysis
7. Slope and Aspect
8. Flow direction
9. Watershed

Question 3

Asks a question about stored information

Answer 3

Database query

Question 4

A syntax for retrieving and manipulating data from a relational database

Answer 4

Structured Query Language

Question 5

Language that defines a syntax for combining map themes by applying mathematical operations and analytical functions to create a new map theme (ESRI)

Answer 5

Map Algebra

Question 6

Set of techniques where distance is the primary concern of analysis

Answer 6

Distance operators

Question 7

Types of Distance Operators

Answer 7

1. Buffer
2. Euclidean distance
3. Thiessen Polygon

Question 8

• Vector overlay
• Raster overlay

Answer 8

Overlay Analysis

Question 9

Takes an input dataset, and returns the result of the operation as an output dataset (Used to manipulate GIS data)

Answer 9

Geoprocessing

Question 10

Types of GeoProcessing

Answer 10

1. Dissolve
2. Merge
3. Clip
4. Intersect
5. Union

Question 11

Features of Terrain Analysis

Answer 11

1. Terrain
2. Terrain Variables
3. Contour Lines
4. Shaded Reliefs
5. Slope and Aspect
6. Flow direction
7. Watershed

Question 12

Vertical dimension of land surface (expressed in elevation, slope, and aspect)

Answer 12

Terrain

Question 13

Terrain Variables

Answer 13

1. Height
2. Slope
3. Aspect
4. Upslope area
5. Flow length
6. Upslope length

Question 14

connected lines in uniform elevation that run at right angles to the local slope

Answer 14

Contour Lines/Topographic contours

Question 15

Often referred to as hillshade map, it is a depiction of the brightness of terrain reflections given a terrain surface and sun location

Answer 15

Shaded Reliefs

Question 16

Commonly used terrain variables required in hydrology, conservation, site planning, and infrastructure development and the basis for many terrain analysis functions

Answer 16

Slope and Aspect

Question 17

Slope and Aspect: Defined as the change in elevation (a rise) with a change in horizontal position (a run)

Answer 17

Slope

Question 18

Calculated by estimating the aspect, which is the direction of steepest descent from a center cell to immediately adjacent cells
(Used in hydrologic analyses)

Answer 18

Flow direction

Question 19

An area that contributes flow to a point on the landscape (basins, sub-basins, drainage, etc.)

Answer 19

Watershed