Module 2.2 ( Neonates )

Question 1

What is the most common cause of airway obstruction in neonates?

Answer 1

Mucus

Mucus can block the airway, leading to respiratory distress.

Question 2

What is the normal body temperature range for neonates?

Answer 2

37.5°C

This temperature is crucial for maintaining proper physiological functions.

Question 3

What is the definition of a neonate?

Answer 3

Birth - 28 days

This period is critical for monitoring health and development.

Question 4

What percentage of newborns require intervention at birth?

Answer 4

6-10%

Interventions may include resuscitation or other medical support.

Question 5

What is considered a preterm birth?

Answer 5

Less than 37 weeks

Preterm infants are at higher risk for health complications.

Question 6

What is the gestational age range for term births?

Answer 6

37 - 42 weeks

Term births are associated with lower risks compared to preterm births.

Question 7

What defines a postterm birth?

Answer 7

Over 42 weeks

Postterm births can lead to complications for both the mother and the baby.

Question 8

What is the low birth weight classification?

Answer 8

Less than 2,500g

Low birth weight can lead to increased mortality and morbidity.

Question 9

At what gestational age is fetal mortality highest?

Answer 9

22-26 weeks

This period is critical for fetal development and survival.

Question 10

What is the significance of the placenta in fetal development?

Answer 10

Oxygen supply

The placenta provides essential nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus.

Question 11

What happens to the fetal lungs before birth?

Answer 11

Collapsed and filled with fluid

This fluid is cleared after birth to allow for breathing.

Question 12

What percentage of blood supply supports the fetus?

Answer 12

10%

This indicates the limited blood flow to the fetus compared to the mother.

Question 13

What occurs during the transition from fetal to neonatal life?

Answer 13

Cord clamped and lungs expand

This transition allows for independent breathing and circulation.

Question 14

What is the recommended post-care for neonates immediately after birth?

Answer 14

Keep baby at mom’s level and use blankets for warmth

This helps to regulate the infant’s body temperature.

Question 15

Low mortality rates after how weeks with cardiac support

Answer 15

28 weeks.

Question 16

Pneumothorax s/s

Answer 16

Severe respiratory distress
Unresponsive to PPV
One side, absence of breath sounds
Shift of heart sounds

Question 17

Meconium is most peasant, and what kind of babies

Answer 17

Pre Term and post term

Question 18

Diapharginc hernia

Answer 18

Most common in the left
Usually found an ultrasound beforehand
Low respiratory rate heart sounds shift to the right breath. Sounds on the left. And sapiod abdomen
50% mortality
Surgery needed

Question 19

Apena

Answer 19

Rarely seen after the first 24 hours
Most common in preterm due to underdeveloped central nervous systems.

Question 20

What to do with exposed abdominal contents

Answer 20

Place in the bag waist below

Question 21

Cleft lip/ palates = increased risk of what

Answer 21

Aspiration

Question 22

Hypoglycaemia

Answer 22

Blood glue close level under 2.6 most common in small babies, large babies, or moms that had diabetes.
Late onset as they have an 8 to 12 hour store
D 10 W equals 2 mL per kilogram slow push

Question 23

Sutbtle seizures, equal

Answer 23

Eye deviation

Question 24

Most common type of seizures

Answer 24

Tonic

Question 25

Most common cause of seizures in term and preterm babies

Answer 25

Hypoxic ishemia

Question 26

2 onset of hypocalcemia

Answer 26

2 to 3 days after birth, with low body, weight and mom being a diabetic Later on set conception of cow, milk, or synthetic formulas

Question 27

Heat loss is concerned because

Answer 27

Babies cannot shiver

Question 28

Fevers are temps over

Answer 28

38 Babies cannot sweat dehydration is common in breast-fed babies No NSAIDS (ibuprofen) No antipyretics (asa)

Question 29

Is vomiting, common babies

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

Diarrhoea How many bowel movements is common in an infant?

Answer 30

5 to 6 Diarrhoea is uncommon and usually a bigger issue

Question 31

A severe sign of diarrhoea

Answer 31

Sunken eye funtanelles

Question 32

How to count resps on a neonate

Answer 32

Count by six times by 10

Question 33

Delay, clamping of the cord

Answer 33

6200 seconds and keep the baby a vagina level

Question 34

Under how many weeks ago in a bag

Answer 34

32

Question 35

Clamp, umbilical cord where

Answer 35

10 cm from babies naval and 5 cm up cut in between

Question 36

Hr under 100

Answer 36

30 seconds of positive ventilation Dry stimulation Proper positioning Clear airway It’s fixed watch for SPO2 monitoring And free flow oxygen

Question 37

Mr. Sopa

Answer 37

Mask Reposition Section Open Mouth Pressure increase Airway LMA/ Igel

Question 38

Heart rate under 60

Answer 38

Chest compressions

Question 39

When are we doing a pulse check?

Answer 39

Every 60 seconds

Question 40

Goals of chest compressions

Answer 40

100-120 bpm

Question 41

Bvm

Answer 41

40 to 60 breath minute Breathe 1, 2 , breathe 1,2 is

Question 42

IV. Fluid for a baby

Answer 42

10 mL per kilogram over 5 to 10 minutes

Question 43

What do we watch for in chess compressions?

Answer 43

Watch for liver, laceration, and rib fractures

Question 44

SPO2 ranges

Answer 44

One minute 60 to 65 Two minute 65 to 70 Three minute 70 to 75 Four minute 75 to 80 Five minute 80 to 85 10 minute 85 to 95

Question 45

APGAr

Answer 45

Question 46

What is the recommended rate for chest compressions during CPR?

Answer 46

100 - 120 BPM ## Footnote This rate is crucial for effective resuscitation in neonates.

Question 47

What is the initial step to take for a neonate at birth?

Answer 47

Clear Airway ## Footnote Ensuring a clear airway is essential for effective ventilation.

Question 48

When should positive pressure ventilation (PPV) be initiated?

Answer 48

If the neonate is not breathing or has a heart rate <100 ## Footnote PPV is crucial for neonates showing signs of respiratory distress.

Question 49

What is the target oxygen saturation (SpO2) level for a neonate after birth?

Answer 49

85% - 95% ## Footnote Monitoring SpO2 levels is vital for assessing oxygenation.

Question 50

What is the appropriate position for resuscitating a neonate?

Answer 50

Proper Position ## Footnote This involves placing the neonate on their back with the head in a neutral position.

Question 51

What is the significance of delayed cord clamping for neonates?

Answer 51

It allows for improved blood flow and oxygen delivery ## Footnote This practice can enhance neonatal outcomes.

Question 52

What is the recommended action if a neonate shows signs of apnea or gasping?

Answer 52

Initiate PPV ## Footnote Immediate intervention is necessary to support breathing.

Question 53

What heart rate indicates the need for CPR in a neonate?

Answer 53

Heart rate <60 ## Footnote A heart rate below this threshold requires immediate resuscitation efforts.

Question 54

Fill in the blank: The goal for chest compressions during neonatal resuscitation is _______.

Answer 54

100 - 120 BPM

Question 55

What are the signs of effective ventilation in a neonate?

Answer 55

Breathing, crying, and heart rate improving ## Footnote Successful ventilation can be assessed by these indicators.

Question 56

What should be monitored every 10 seconds during resuscitation?

Answer 56

Pulse check ## Footnote Regular assessment of the pulse is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of resuscitation.

Question 57

What is the recommended volume for IV fluid administration in a neonate?

Answer 57

10 mL/kg over 5-10 min ## Footnote This fluid bolus can help stabilize the neonate's condition.

Question 58

True or False: Suctioning is always the first step in neonatal resuscitation.

Answer 58

False ## Footnote Clearing the airway is prioritized over suctioning.

Question 59

What is the target respiratory rate for a neonate receiving resuscitation?

Answer 59

40 - 60 breaths per minute ## Footnote This rate is necessary for adequate ventilation.

Question 60

What is the appropriate response if a neonate exhibits cyanosis?

Answer 60

Provide supplemental oxygen ## Footnote Cyanosis indicates inadequate oxygenation and requires immediate action.

Question 61

What does PEEP stand for in neonatal resuscitation?

Answer 61

Positive End-Expiratory Pressure ## Footnote PEEP can help improve oxygenation and lung recruitment.