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Chemistry OCR A AS > Module 2.1.4 - Acids > Flashcards

Module 2.1.4 - Acids Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an acid?

A

A proton (H+) donor

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2
Q

What is the chemical formulae of hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl (aq)

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3
Q

What is the chemical formulae of sulfuric acid?

A

H2SO4 (aq)

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4
Q

What is the chemical formulae of nitric acid?

A

HNO3 (aq)

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5
Q

What is the chemical formulae of phosphoric acid?

A

H3PO4 (aq)

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6
Q

What is the chemical formulae of ethanoic acid?

A

CH3COOH (aq)

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7
Q

What does an acid release in aqueous solution?

A

Hydrogen ions (H+)

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8
Q

What is a strong acid?

A

A strong acid completely dissociates into its ions in aqueous solution

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9
Q

What is a weak acid?

A

A weak acid partially dissociates into its ions in aqueous solution

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10
Q

How is a weak acid shown in an equation?

A

A reversible reaction arrow

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11
Q

What are examples of strong acids?

A
  • Hydrochloric acid
  • Nitric acid
  • Sulfuric acid
  • Phosphoric acid
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12
Q

What is an example of a weak acid?

A

Ethanoic acid, only releases a small proportion of it’s available hydrogen atoms into solution at H+ ions

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13
Q

What happens to sulfuric acid when mixed with water?

A
  • Each H2SO4 molecule dissolves, releasing just one of its hydrogen atoms as an H+ ion
  • The resulting HSO4- (aq) ions then only partially dissociate
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14
Q

What is a base?

A

A proton (H+) acceptor

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15
Q

What are common bases?

A
  • Metal oxide
  • Metal hydroxide
  • Carbonate
  • Ammonia solution
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16
Q

Which of the common base types is a weak base?

A

Ammonia

17
Q

What are salts?

A

A salt is produced when the H+ ion of an acid is replaced by a metal ion or NH4+

18
Q

What are all salts made from?

A

Acids, salt name comes from acid used

19
Q

What does a metal oxide and acid produce with its ionic equation and what is observed?

A
  • Salt and water
  • O2- + 2H+ -> H2O neutralisation reaction
  • Solid dissolves
20
Q

What does a metal hydroxide and acid produce with its ionic equation and what is observed?

A
  • Salt and water
  • OH- + H+ -> H2O neutralisation reaction
  • no visible change
21
Q

What does a carbonate and acid produce with its ionic equation and what is observed?

A
  • Salt + water + carbon dioxide
  • CO3 2- + 2H+ -> H2O + CO2 neutralisation reaction
  • solid dissolves and bubbles of gas
22
Q

What is produced when ammonia and acid react with its ionic equation and what is observed?

A
  • Ammonium salt produced
  • NH3 + H+ -> NH4 + neutralisation reaction
  • no visible change
23
Q

What is produced when a metal and acid react and what is observed?

A
  • Salt and hydrogen a redox reaction, not neutralisation
  • solid dissolves and bubbles of gas
24
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A base that dissolves in water and releases OH- ions in aqueous solution

25
Q

What type of bases are alkalis?

A

hydroxides

Chemistry OCR A AS (27 decks)

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