Module 20 - Sleep, Dreams, and Body Rhythms Flashcards
consciousness
Awareness of yourself and your environment.
pseudoscientific claim
Any assertion that is not based on science, even though in some circumstances, attempts are made to appear scientific.
biological rhythms
Periodic physiological fluctuations.
What 3 things does biological rhythms affect?
physiological processes such as body temp., blood pressure, and effectiveness of medicines.
What are the 3 main categories of biological rhythms?
- circadian
- ultradian
- infradian
What are circadian rhythms?
- occur approx. once during a 24-hour period.
ex: sleep-wake cycle
What are ultradian rhythms?
- more than once a day
ex: stages of sleep each night.
What are infradian rhythms?
- less than once a day (once a month/season)
ex: women’s period, bear’s hibernation
Lack of sleep decreases the levels of _____________.
…hormones necessary for proper immune system functioning.
Lack of sleep increases levels of __________.
….the stress hormone cortisol, which has been linked to the damage of brain cells.
What did Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov believe sleep resulted from?
“massive inhibitions”
hypothalamus
The control centre for the 24-hour rhythm of sleep.
melatonin
A hormone that helps regulate daily biological rhythms.
What is the adaptation theory?
Holds that we sleep at times of the night or day to maximize our safety and survival.
Describe Stage 1 sleep
- slowed breathing
- <5 mins
- dreamlike
- easily awakened
- irregular
- ALPHA
Describe stage 2 sleep
- 20 mins
- half of entire sleep
- SPINDLES
Describe stage 3 and 4 sleep
-delta sleep
delta sleep
large, slow, delta waves (cycle per second)
-(slow wave sleep)
Why is REM sleep also called paradoxical sleep?
Muscles are relaxed, but other body systems are active.
What is Freud’s theory about dreaming?
-The Interpretation of Dreams
–dreams a]were key to understanding out inner conflicts
; expressions of wish fulfillment and traced to erotic wishes.
What are the 3 modern theories of dreaming?
- information processing
- physiological function
- activation synthesis
information processing
- modern theory of sleep
- memory related function that sorts and sifts through the day’s experiences
physiological function
- modern theory of sleep
- brain activity during REM sleep provides stimulation to help with growth.
activation synthesis
- modern theory of sleep
- the mind making sense of random neural firing of the sleeping brain.
insomnia
problems falling or staying asleep
sleep apnea
temporary cessations of breathing during sleep
narcolepsy
uncontrolled sleep attacks
somnambulism
sleepwalking
night terrors
high arousal and appearance of being terrified (usually kids)
bruxism
teeth grinding
enuresis
bed wetting
myoclonus
sudden jerking of a body part
