Module 20- Nature And Nurture Flashcards
The influence of nurture?
It comes from the environment ( every non genetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us.)
What is nature?
The influence of nature consists of genes( the biological units of heredity that are made of chromosomes) passed along by your parents the moment you were conceived.
How much of your DNA sequences match that of every other other human.
99%
What are genes responsible for?
Genes are responsible for predisposing our appearance and behaviour, not for concretely determining either
What is a predisposition?
Predisposition means the possibility of developing something, the increased likely-hood or susceptibility.
What is a mutation?
Random errors in gene replication that lead to a change in an individual’s genetic code.
What studies are used to learn about the influences of nature and nurture?
Twin studies and adoption studies
How do identical twin studies help researchers?
Studies with identical twins help researchers consider the effects of different environments on the traits and behaviours of genetically identical people
How do studies with fraternal twins help researchers
Studies with fraternal twins allow researchers to consider the effects of similar environments on genetically different people.
What did psychologists find in their studies of identical twins?
Remarkable similarities in heart rates, brain waves, intelligence levels, personalities, abilities, attitudes and fears
What do adoption studies reveal?
Adopted children share more personality trait similarities with their biological than with their adoptive parents
Adopted children are more similar to their adoptive parents in belief systems and then development of behaviours important to functioning as a good citizen.
What is use it or lose it?
The brain processes we use in early learning pave the way for later learning of more complex information.
What is parent influence?
Parents are more important when it comes to education, discipline, responsibility, orderliness, charitableness, and ways of interacting with authority figures.
Peers?
Peers strongly influence how we learn cooperation, find the road to popularity, and learn the styles of interaction among people of the same age.
Culture?
Culture is the shared attitudes, beliefs, Norms and behaviours of a group communicated from one generation to the next.
