Module 2 - Promoting Health

Question 1

2 factors that influence healthy ageing

Answer 1

biological and modifiable

Question 2

examples of modifiable factors in ageing

Answer 2

nutritional intake, weight, tobacco, alcohol, salt, BGL, BP

Question 3

what is physical activity beneficial in manageing?

Answer 3

the physical, function, mental and cognitive decline

Question 4

which 3 vaccinations are important for older people?

Answer 4

influenza, pneumococcal and shingles

Question 5

what yearly screenings are important?

Answer 5

• hearing and vision
• rectal exam and PSA blood test
• mammogram and cervical screening

Question 6

which aspects of nutrition should be increased for older poeple?

Answer 6

vitamin D, fibre and calcium

Question 7

what happens to our immune system as we age?

Answer 7

it becomes less effective at fighting off disease

Question 8

which parts of the immune system are most affected?

Answer 8

lymphocytes, b cells and t cells

Question 9

what happens to lymphocytes?

Answer 9

they are less effective at producing effector and regulatory immune responses

Question 10

what do lymphocytes protect the body from?

Answer 10

microorganisms, foreign tissue, cell mutations and alterations

Question 11

what happens to t-cells?

Answer 11

they become less response to antigens

Question 12

what are antigens?

Answer 12

foreign toxins that produce an immune response

Question 13

what happens to b-cells?

Answer 13

they produce less antibodies

Question 14

what are antibodies?

Answer 14

proteins that neutralise pathogens

Question 15

why do older people heal slower?

Answer 15

they have less immune cells to bring about healing

Question 16

why are older people more at risk of getting cancer?

Answer 16

their immune system is no longer as effective at detecting and correcting cell defects

Question 17

what is ‘stress-age syndrome’?

Answer 17

neurohormonal and immune alterations as well as tissue and cellular changes resulting in lessened ability to cope in stressful situations as well as increased risk of infection

Question 18

why may an older person not show typical signs and symptoms of inflammation and infection?

Answer 18

• immune system changes
• loss of central temperature control mechanisms
• decreased muscle mass
• loss of shivering ability

Question 19

atypical signs of infection in the older person

Answer 19

• disorientation
• change in mental status
• restlessness
• tachypnoea

Question 20

65yr+ should be vaccinated for

Answer 20

influenza and pneumococcal

Question 21

70-79 yrs should be vaccinated for

Answer 21

shingles

Question 22

the aged care system in australia is managed where?

Answer 22

through the myagedcare website

Question 23

which commission governs the aged care sector? what do they govern this with and with which legislation?

Answer 23

The Aged Care Quality and Safety Commission governed with the Aged Care Quality Standards under the Aged Care Act 1997

Question 24

Which program helps to provide ongoing and short term care and support services to older people?

Answer 24

the Commonwealth Home Support Program

Question 25

what services do the CHSP provide?

Answer 25

help with housework, personal care, meals and food preparation, transport, shopping, allied health, social support and planned respite

Question 26

what are home care packages?

Answer 26

tailored support, clinical and personal care services to meet an individual’s assessed needs

Question 27

what do home care packages provide?

Answer 27

more structure, over 4 levels of care
level 1: basic care needs
level 2: low level care needs
level 3: intermediate care needs
level 4: high care needs

Question 28

4 aspects of caring for diverse groups

Answer 28

recognition, negotiation, collaboration and validation

Question 29

recognition

Answer 29

acknowledging preferred name/title

Question 30

negotiation

Answer 30

ask for preferences, choices and needs regardless of language barrier/cognitive ability

Question 31

collaboration

Answer 31

seeking support from interpreters and organisations

Question 32

validation

Answer 32

acknowledging feelings and emotions and having a sympathetic presence

Question 33

examples of diverse groups in australia

Answer 33

• culturally and linguistically diverse
• aboriginal and torres strait islander
• lgbtiq+
• veterans
• rural/remote living
• homeless/at risk of becoming homeless

Question 34

what is advance care planning?

Answer 34

the documentation of a person’s goals, values, beliefs and preferences so that the person’s wishes may still be carried out should they no longer be able to make decisions for themselves

Question 35

why is advance care planning so important?

Answer 35

it allows the older person freedom in their way of living and ensures maximum health promotion

Question 36

what is dignity of risk?

Answer 36

the belief that any person regardless of their age and ability have the right to self determination and risk taking within their life

Question 37

dignity of risk is essential to what?

Answer 37

maintaining dignity and self esteem

Question 38

having a duty of care is NOT about creating restrictions and rules but about…

Answer 38

giving options and respecting autonomy and dignity of the person and the choices that they make

Question 39

a nursing diagnosis consists of

Answer 39

problem, aetiology and defining characteristics

Question 40

steps to making a diagnosis

Answer 40

1. analyse available data
2. identify health problems, risks and strengths
3. formulate diagnostic statement