Module 2: Perspectives of Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science Flashcards
1
Q
Anthropological Perspectives
A
2
Q
Social Darwinism
A
- Sir Edward Taylor
- application of Charles Darwin’s laws of natural selection to human society
3
Q
Cultural Evolution
A
- Lewis Henry Morgan
- evolution of culture based on information acquired from fellow humans
4
Q
Diffusionism
A
- Leo Fuentes
- culture is transferred from one society to another
5
Q
Historical Particularism
A
- Franz Boas
- each society has its own history and must be understood in its own context
6
Q
Structuralism
A
- Claude Levi Strauss
- hidden structures or rules underlie and govern all human thought and practices
7
Q
Cultural Materialism
A
- Marvin Harris
- material things have impact in shaping society and culture
8
Q
Symbolic Anthropology
A
- study of cultural practices and symbols to understand society
9
Q
Sociological Perspectives
A
10
Q
Structural Functionalism
A
- society is a body of different organs that work together
11
Q
Structural Conflict
A
- challenges society’s status quo, encourages social change and believes powerful individuals force social order on the weak
12
Q
Symbolic Interactionalism
A
- understanding how symbols and language create meanings that vary from person to person
13
Q
Political Science Theories
A
14
Q
Liberalism
A
- political arrangements/authority must be accepted and consented to by oneself
- right to life, liberty and prosperity is the government’s highest priority
15
Q
Conservatism
A
- upholding of tradition, order, and stability in society
