Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

UTSC - PSYA01 (midterms) > Module 2 Methods > Flashcards

Module 2 Methods Flashcards

1
Q

A medical procedure to remove or otherwise destroy tissue

A

Ablation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the tendency for participants to agree or respond “yes” to all questions regardless of their actual opinions

A

Acquiescent response bias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A person’s affirmative permission to take part in a research study. In cases of decisional impairment, assent must be obtained in addition to informed consent

A

assent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A concept of research ethics whereby researchers strive to do ‘good’ in a research study

A

Beneficence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An unfair or unequal representation of a person or thing

A

Bias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

An in-depth analysis of a unique circumstance or individual

A

Case study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A person who is acting as a participant, but in reality, is another researcher

A

Confederate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Other variables that may influence one or both variables that we are measuring, thereby influencing the correlation coefficient

A

Confounding variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A measure (denoted as r) that captures the direction and strength of a relationship between variables

A

Correlation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A numerical representation of the strength of the relationship between variables (denoted as r)

A

Correlation coefficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Facts or information collected, examined, and considered for decision-making processes

A

Data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Information provided to participants about what the researcher was investigating and how their participation will contribute to the research question

A

Debriefing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The act of withholding information about the purpose and procedures of the study during the informed consent process

A

Deception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Instances that diminish a potential participant’s capacity to provide informed consent

A

Decisional impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Any means to capture, record, or otherwise, describe a group. These methods are concerned with identifying ‘what is’ rather than ‘why it is.’

A

descriptive methods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The extent to which research findings in the lab can be generalized to the real world

A

Ecological validity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The combination of inclusion and exclusion criteria to create a set of characteristics shared by all participants that ensure that those participating will meaningfully help to address the research question.

A

Eligibility criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A part of the cerebral cortex found on the ventral part of the temporal lobes and known to play a role in behavior and memory

A

Entorhinal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Memories whose contents pertain to specific events (“episodes”)

A

Episodic memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

An attribute of a person that would prevent them from participating research study

A

Exclusion criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The ethical principle of developing trusting relationships between researchers and participants

A

Fidelity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

An experiment that takes place in ‘real-world’ settings in which a researcher manipulates and controls the conditions of the behavior under observation

A

field experiments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A part of the cerebral cortex known to play a role in the transference of certain types of memories into long-term memory stores

A

Hippocampus

24
Q

Educated prediction about the outcome of an experiment

A

Hypothesis

25
Q

The tendency to describe our own behavior as better than average

A

illusory superiority

26
Q

An attribute of participants that is necessary to be a part of a research study

A

Inclusion criterion

27
Q

The process by which research participants learn about and understand the purpose, benefits, and potential risks of participating in a research study

A

Informed consent

28
Q

A committee of independent people who review and assess whether a research project will be carried out in a way that is consistent with general ethical principles

A

Institutional review board (IRB)

29
Q

An ethical principle that psychologists should engage in accurate, honest, and non-biased practices in the science, teaching, and practice of psychology

A

Integrity

30
Q

An ethical principle in research whereby those people who participate in the research process should also be the same people who stand to benefit from the research outcomes

A

Justice

31
Q

A straight line on a scatterplot showing the general relationship of data points

A

Line of best fit

32
Q

The act of doing harm

A

Maleficence

33
Q

Observation of behavior as it happens, without an attempt to manipulate or control the subjects’ natural environment

A

Naturalistic observation

34
Q

Variables that change in the opposite direction. An increase in one variable leads to a decrease in the other

A

Negative correlation

35
Q

A research method in which a researcher becomes part of the group under investigation

A

Participant observation

36
Q

All members of a group

A

population

37
Q

When variables change in the same direction; as one variable increases, the other variable increases, or as one variable decreases, the other variable decreases

A

Positive correlation

38
Q

Memories whose contents pertain to how something is done, such as the motor skills involved in walking and riding a bicycle

A

Procedural memories

39
Q

The belief or theory that reason is the key source of knowledge

A

Rationalism

40
Q

A term referring to a ‘do-over’ of a study using the same methods, but different subjects and investigators

A

Replication

41
Q

A set of principles or standards of behavior for psychologists to follow in research

A

Research ethics

42
Q

The tendency for people to answer the question the way they feel they are expected to answer or in systematic ways that are otherwise inaccurate

A

Response bias

43
Q

A subset (or portion) of a population

A

Sample

44
Q

A sample that deviates from a true representation of a population

A

Sampling error

45
Q

A type of graph that has one variable on the x-axis (the horizontal axis) and the other variable on the y-axis (the vertical axis) and provides a visual representation of relationships between variables

A

Scatterplot

46
Q

A six-step method of acquiring knowledge and methodologically answering questions

A

Scientific method

47
Q

Rational explanations to describe and predict future behavior

A

Scientific theories

48
Q

Memories whose contents relate to specific facts and pieces of meaningful information not based on personal experience

A

Semantic memories

49
Q

When the freedom of ‘choice’ to participate in research is compromised as a result of undue influence from another source

A

Situational vulnerability

50
Q

Participants respond to questions in ways that would be seen as acceptable by others

A

Socially desirable bias

51
Q

A method using questions to collect information on how people think or act

A

Survey

52
Q

Any group of individuals who may not be able to provide free and informed consent to participate in research

A

Vulnerable populations

53
Q

A bias whereby only a motivated fraction of a population responds to a survey or participate in research

A

Volunteer bias

54
Q

The influence of language, or wording, on people’s responses to survey questions

A

Wording effects

55
Q

Two variables that exhibit no apparent relationship

A

Zero correlation

UTSC - PSYA01 (midterms) (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions