Module 2: Demographic measures & Inequalities/Inequities, Flashcards
Why do we need population data
- Measure trends e.g. birth, migration, mortality, morbidity
- Crime, unemployment, health service prioritisation
The Cencus
Collecting pop. data from households/individuals
ERP
Estimates resdient population ignoring ethnicity
Viral events
Record death, birth and marraiges
Health service utilisation
MoH’s objective records
National representative survey
Reports health subjectively
Integrated data infrastructure
Datas collected from Government services deifentified/anonymous
IDI risks
Possible selection bias
Resource’s only as good as the data
Population pyramid and dependency ratio
The greater the ratio the more dependence
Events determining population strcuture
- Age sex structure e.g. fertility
- Viral events
- Age structure
- Migration
- Mortality and morbidity
Numerical aging
Absolute increase in elederly population
- Reflects demographic pattern and life expectancy
Structural aging
Increase in proportion of population that’s elderly driven by decrease in fertility
Natural decline of population
More deaths than births
Absolute decline of population
Insufficient migration to replace lost birth and increased death
Inequality
Measurable difference in health experince and outcome due to SEP & social gradient
Inequity
Unfair/unjust distirbution of resources & health service
Why reduce inequity
Unfair, avoidable, affect everyone and costful
Progress Acroynm
Plac of residence
Race, ethnicity
Occupation
Gender
Religion
Education
Soceioeconomic status
social capital
+ Disability
Causes of causes in inequity
Most advantaged get most education, employment, income, health care access
Implication of income inequity
- Uneuqal untrusting society
- increased stress
- Reduced economic productiity
- Poor health outcomes
Availibilty
Service barriers
Relationship between volume and type of existing services to the clients volume and needs
Accomodation
Organisational barriers
Relationship between the manner in which supply resources are organised and the clients expectations
Acceptiability
Pyschological barriers
Relationship between clients and providers attitudes to what’s appropriate care e.g. Racism
Accessibilty
Geographical barriers
Relationship between location of supply and clients - Transportation, travel time, distance, cost
Affordability
Financial barriers
Cost of provider services in relation to clients ability and willingness to pay
Potential access
Services are avialable that may be potentially used
