Module 2: A World of Regions Flashcards
A group of countries located in the same geographically specified area.
Regions
An amalgamation of two regions [or] a combination of
more than two regions organized to regulate and
oversee flows and policy choices.
Regions
Regional concentration of economic flows.
Regionalization
It represents a world that becomes less interconnected, with a stronger regional focus.
Regionalization
It is simply the natural tendency to form regions, or the process of forming
regions due to similarities between states in a given geographical space.
Regionalization
Political process characterized by economic policy cooperation and
coordination among countries.
Regionalism
It is the expression of a common sense of identity and purpose combined
with the creation and implementation of institutions that express a particular
identity and shape collective action within a geographical region.
Regionalism
It is a regional intergovernmental organization comprising ten Southeast
Asian countries that promotes intergovernmental cooperation and
facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and
sociocultural integration amongst its members and other Asian states.
Regionalism
was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN
Declaration (Bangkok Declaration)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN
the Founding Fathers of ASEAN
Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
primary objective was to accelerate ECONOMIC GROWTH and
through that social progress and cultural development.
ASEAN
A secondary objective was to promote REGIONAL SPACE AND STABILITY based on the rule
of law and the principle of United Nations charter.
ASEAN
ASEAN community comprising three pillars:
the ASEAN security community, the ASEAN economic community, and the ASEAN
socio-cultural community
fundamental principles, as contained in the Treaty of Amity and
Cooperation in Southeast Asia (TAC) of 1976:
- Mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality, territorial
integrity, and national identity of all nations; - The right of every State to lead its national existence free from external
interference, subversion or coercion; - Non-interference in the internal affairs of one another;
- Settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful manner;
- Renunciation of the threat or use of force; and
- Effective cooperation among themselves.
ASEAN Charter:
- Emphasis on the centrality of ASEAN in regional co-operation.
- Respect for the principles of territorial integrity, sovereignty, non-interference and national identities of ASEAN members.
- Promoting regional peace and identity, peaceful settlements of disputes through
dialogue and consultation, and the renunciation of aggression. - Upholding international law with respect to human rights, social justice and multilateral trade.
- Encouraging regional integration of trade.
- Appointment of a secretary-general and permanent representatives of ASEAN.
- Establish a human rights body and an unresolved dispute mechanism, to be formalized at ASEAN Summits.
- Development of friendly external relations and a position with the UN (like the EU)
- Increasing the number of ASEAN summits to twice a year and the ability to convene for emergencies.
- Reiterating the ASEAN flag’s use, anthem, emblem, and national ASEAN day on 8 August.
ASEAN Member States:
- Brunei Darussalam
- Cambodia
- Indonesia
- Laos
- Malaysia
- Myanmar (Burma)
- Philippines
- Singapore
- Thailand
- Vietnam
It is a forum for 21 Pacific Rim member economies that
promotes free trade throughout the Asia-Pacific region.
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
It was established in 1989 in response to the growing
interdependence of Asia-Pacific economies and the
advent of regional trade blocs in other parts of the
world; to defuse fears that highly industrialised Japan (a
member of G7) would come to dominate economic
activity in the Asia-Pacific region; and to establish new
markets for agricultural products and raw materials
beyond Europe.
APEC
Founding Members of APEC
Australia
Brunei
Canada
Indonesia
Japan
Singapore
South Korea
Malaysia
Thailand
United States
New Zealand
Philippines
APEC has three official observers:
the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Secretariat, the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council, and the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat.
has been fundamental in reducing tariffs, improving customs
efficiency, and closing the gap between developing and developed
economies.
APEC
