Module 2 Flashcards
Is there a best personality?
There is no best personality.
What is the person-situation debate?
The role of personality in organizational behaviour has often been debated in what is known as the ‘person-situation debate’.
When does personality have the strongest effect?
Personality has the strongest effect in weak situations.
How does personality influence behaviour?
The extent to which personality influences people’s attitudes and behaviour depends on the situation.
What is the dispositional approach?
focuses on individual disposition and personality – individuals possess stable traits that influence their attitudes and behaviour.
What is the situational approach?
The situational approach posits that an organization’s characteristics influence people’s feelings, behaviour, or attitudes.
What is the interactionist approach?
states that organizational behaviour is a function of both dispositions and the situation.
What is the Five-Factor Model of Personality?
The Five-Factor Model includes Extraversion, Emotional Stability/Neuroticism, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience.
What does Extraversion refer to?
Extraversion refers to being sociable vs. quiet and talkative vs. reserved.
Why is Emotional Stability important?
People with emotional stability will have more effective interactions with coworkers and customers.
What does Agreeableness contribute to?
Agreeableness contributes to job performance that requires interaction, helping others, and cooperating.
Why is Conscientiousness important?
Conscientiousness is important for job performance due to the tendency towards hard work and achievement.
What does Openness to Experience entail?
Openness to Experience involves being curious vs. conventional and original vs. conservative.
What is the strongest predictor of overall job performance?
Conscientiousness is the strongest predictor of overall job performance.
What is locus of control?
Locus of control is a set of beliefs about whether one’s behaviour is controlled mainly by internal or external factors.
What do internals believe?
Internals believe that the opportunity to control their own behaviour resides within themselves.
What do externals believe?
Externals believe that external forces determine their behaviour.
What are the characteristics of internals?
Internals are more satisfied with their jobs, committed to the organization, and perceive less stress.
What is self-monitoring?
Self-monitoring is the extent to which people observe and regulate how they appear in social settings.
What does high self-esteem indicate?
High self-esteem indicates a positive self-evaluation.
What is positive affectivity?
Positive affectivity refers to people who experience positive emotions and view the world positively.
What is negative affectivity?
Negative affectivity refers to people who tend to experience negative emotions and view their surroundings negatively.
What is a proactive personality?
A proactive personality reflects a tendency to initiate change and improve one’s environment.
What is general self-efficacy?
General self-efficacy is an individual’s belief in their ability to perform successfully in a variety of challenging situations.
What does core self-evaluations consist of?
Core self-evaluations consist of self-esteem, general self-efficacy, locus of control, and neuroticism.
What is operant learning theory?
Operant learning theory connects behaviour with its consequences, increasing desired behaviours and reducing undesirable ones.
What is reinforcement?
Reinforcement is the process by which stimuli strengthen behaviours.
What are the two important sources of reinforcement often ignored by managers?
Performance feedback and social recognition.
What is extinction in behaviour learning?
Extinction is the gradual dissipation of behaviour following the termination of reinforcement.
What is punishment in behaviour learning?
Punishment is an aversive stimulus following unwanted behaviour to decrease the probability of that behaviour.
What does social cognitive theory emphasize?
Social cognitive theory emphasizes the role of cognitive processes in regulating people’s behaviour.
What is observational learning?
Observational learning is the process of observing and imitating the behaviour of others.
What are self-efficacy beliefs?
Self-efficacy beliefs are the beliefs people have about their ability to successfully perform a specific task.
What is self-regulation?
Self-regulation is the use of learning principles to regulate one’s own behaviour.
