Module 2 Flashcards
Define solvent
The majority (gets stuff dissolved in it)
What’s the formula for mass %?
Mass % = )mass solute(g) / mass solute (g) + mass of solvent ) x 100
What is the formula for volume %
Volume %= (volume of solute / volume of solution ) x 100
What’s the formula for molarity
M= moles/L
What is the formula for dilutions
M1V1= M2V2
When do you know when to use dilution
• key word of dilution is being used
• start and end with the same molecules/compound
Acetic acid. Is it a strong or weak electrolyte and is is soluble in water?
It is a weak electrolyte and soluble in water
Define diploid
Define solvated
Electrostatic forces of the water cause the molecules to become ion and remain separate within the solvent usually water
Define solvation
When a solute dissolves in a solvent the electrostatics forces cause the ion/molecules to remain dispersed in the solvent.
Which of the two; ionic or molecule has electrolytes?
Ionic has electrolyte
What are the different catergories of acids?
Oxyacids
Binary acids
Acid
Define oxyacids
An acid having a hydrogen and oxyanion
Define binary acid
An acid composed of hydrogen and a non metal
What are the solubility rules
Rules of certain ions and molecule paired as cations with anions to determine if they will become a solid or not
Which ions/molecules are soluble? Which have exception, name how many exception each ion has
Li, Na , K , NH4, NO3
3 exceptions for SO4, Cl, Br
Which compounds are insoluble? How many exceptions do each have?
CO3(carbonate) & PO4(phosphate) OH & S
The main exceptions are Li,Na,K, NH4
Define soluble
Compound that dissolve in water, aqueous
Define insoluble
Compound does not dissolve and is solid
Do soluble ionic solids form electrolytes?
Yes, ionic key work
Do soluble molecular solids form electrolytes
No, key Word molecular solids, no metals
Did you practice net ionic equation?
Purple for no , blue for yes
What are the 6 strong acids? And names
HCl: hydrochloric acid
HBr: hydrobromic acid
HI: hydroiodic acid
HNO3: nitric acid
HCLO4: perchloric acid
H2SO4:sulfuric acid
What do acids donate, protons, electrons pr neutrons?
Protons
What are the 6 strong bases? And names
NaOH: sodium hydroxide
LiOH: lithium hydroxide
KOH: potassium hydroxide
Ca(OH)2: calcium hydroxide
Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide
Sr(OH)2 : strontium hydroxide
Did you practice oxidation-reduction reactions?
Yes for blue, purple for No
What is the acronym for OILRIG in terms of oxidation-reduction
O:oxidation
I:is
L:loss of e-
R: reduction
I:is
G:gain of e-
Define pseudoformula
If Cl, Br & I ions are soluble what are their exception to make them insoluble?
Ag +, Hg, Pb
When Ag, Pb and Hg are paired with what ions to make them insoluble?
Cl, Br & I
Name all the soluble ions & compounds
Don’t name exceptions at the moment
Li, Na, K , CL, Br, I
NH4, NO3, C2H3O2 , SO4
Did you practice oxidation metal by acids and salts? Use the activity series correctly
Purple for no, blue for yes
What is the formula of pH ?
pH = (-1) log(H)
What is the formula for pOH?
pOH = (-1)log (OH-)
Write out formula for pH to H+
H = 10^ - pH
Define thermodynamic
The study of energy and how it transforms heat & power
Define thermochemistry?
Relationship between chemical reaction between chemical reaction & energy change involve heat
Chemical energy is released during
A chemical reaction
Define energy
Capacity to do work /transfer heat
Define work for chemistry
Energy used to love a object or certain mass against force
Define heat in chemistry
Energy used to cause the temperature of a object to increase
What is the math equation for kinetic energy
1/2 M V^2
Define force in chemistry
Any kind of push or pull on object such as gravity
Define electrostatic potential energy
Important form of energy in chemistry
