Module 2 Flashcards
What is matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
What is chemistry
The study of matter and its interactions
What is an atom
The smallest unit of matter that still has its original properties
Describe the three subatomic particles
Protons neutrons and electrons. Protons are positively charged protons in the central core of the atom called the atomic nucleus, neutrons are also in the atomic nucleus but they have no charge they’re slightly bigger, finally electrons are some atomic particles with a negative charge that surround the atomic nucleus in electron shells
Describe electron shells
Electron shells are loosely defined regions with high probabilities of finding an electron, there are two electrons in the first shell, eight electrons in the second, and the third can hold 18 but is satisfied with eight.
What are the four most common elements in the body
Oxygen carbon hydrogen and nitrogen
What are metals
Shiny substances at conduct electricity
What are nonmetals
gases or brittle solids that are usually not good conductors
What is an isotope
An Atom that has a neutron taken away or added
What is the mass number
The number of protons plus the number of neutrons
What is a radioisotope
An isotope that has so much energy and is unstable that it releases radiation and radioactive decay
What are radioisotopes used for in medicine
Killing cancers radio tracers and killing thyroid cancer
What is a mixture
Two or more substances that are physically combined but there chemical properties remain unchanged.
What is a molecule
Two or more atoms bonded together
What are the three types of mixture
Suspensions- large particles that are usually visible and settle out
Colloid- two distinct components particles are small and not visible or settle out. Solution is extremely small, not visible, one component
I’m sugar water, what is the solute and sovent
Sugar is the solute, water is solvent
Describe an ionic bond
A bond between a metal and a non metal in which electrons are transferred
What is a covalent bond
A bond of electron sharing between 2 non-metals.
What is a polar covalent bond
A bond with polar ends when the electrons were not shared equally
What is a non polar covalent bond
A covalent bond where the electrons are shared equally.
What are hydrogen bonds
Weak bonds between polar hydrogen molecules
