module 2 Flashcards
computer
accepts data as input
processes data without human intervention using store instructions
outputs info
writing a computer program
identify what needs to be done
plan a method to achieve the goal
select the right language
main (primary)memory
store data and instructions
central processing unit (CPU)
heart of computer
arithmetic logic unit (ALU): performs arithmetic operations and comparison or relational operations
control unit
tells computer what to do
bus
link b/w devices connected to the computer
parallel or serial
internal
extrnal
processor size and operating systems
32 bit processor - only run on 32 bit OS - uses 2^32 bytes (4GB) of RAM
64 bit processor - can run of 32 or 64 bit OS - use ^64 bytes (16EB) or RAAM
disk drive
peripheral device for writing and reading data
CPU case
chassis or tower an enclosure for computer components
motherboard
main circuit board to attach CPU, memory, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots
3 components
speed
accuracy
storage and retrieval capabilities
speed
measured in milli, micro, nano and picoseconds
storage and retrieval
data is stored inbits
1 bit = 0 or 1
8 bits = 1 byte= size of character
three basic tasks
arithmetic operations
logical operations
storage and retrieval operations
three major components to using a comp and processing data
input
output
memory
inout devices
keyboard
mouse
camera
mic
etc
output devices
soft copy displays on a screen - CRT, LCD, OLED
hard copy on print - inkjet, laser
plotters
voice cynthesizers
main memory
usually, volatile - contents are lost when electrical power is turned off
secondary memory
nonvolatile - holds data when the comp is off
main memory devices
random access memory (RAM)
cache RAM
read only memory (ROM)
other types of ROM - programmable read only memory (PROM) and erasale programmable read-only memory (EPROM)
secondary memory devices
magnetic disks
magnetic tape
USB flash drives and memory cards
solid state drive (SSD)
non volatile memory express (NVMe)
cloud storage
capacity
memory stick and SD card- 1TB
Hard disk - 16 TB
SSD - 60 Tb
storage area network (SAN)
dedicated high speed network consisting of both hardware and software
disk arrays
tape libraries
optical storage devices
network attached storage (NAS)
network connected computer dedicated to provide file-based data storage services to other network devices
NAS software handles data storage, file access and management
