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forensics > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

recognition

A

scene survey, documentation, collection

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2
Q

identification

A

comparison testing

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3
Q

individualization

A

evaluation and interpretation

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4
Q

reconstruction

A

reporting and presenting

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5
Q

Team Members (NAME ALL 6)

A

First Police officer on scene: most impo.
Medic(if alive)
Investigators/ detective
Medical Examiner: if dead
Photographer: collect evidence/walk around w yellow tags
Lab experts: not at crime but breakdown evidence

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6
Q

Evidence (ALL 4)

A

Body: victim/suspect
Primary Crime scene: where the crime committed
secondary crime scene: ‘dumping sight’, where the body is
suspects and their properties

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7
Q

Corpus Deliciti means and how to prove

A
  • MEANING: body of crime
    PROVE:
    -crime occurred (not staging)
    -Person charged is the right person
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8
Q

Top reasons to commit a crime

A

money (owe), revenge (cheating), love triangle, emotion (love, hate, anger)

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9
Q

Y/N Do you have to prove a motive

A

NO

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10
Q

What Does first officer on scene do (5)

A

Assess crime scene(smells, sights, noise, observe
Detain witness (ask, get statements)
Arrest the perpetrator (not normally there)
Protect crime scene
Take notes (compile data, preserve evidence)

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11
Q

Basic Police Department Structure (4)

A

Patrol Division (pull over for tix, first at scene)
Investigate Divison (detectives: homicide, domestic)
Administrative Training (chief)
Tactical/ SWAT (DEA/FBI)

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12
Q

Medicolegal death investigator

A

rep from medical examiner or coroners office
- responsible for body
- confirm and pronounce death and identify
-photo and collect evidence at scene
-sketch body (trauma, rigor mortis)
- maintain jurisdiction
- ASSIST FAM

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13
Q

Police Investigator

A

Ideally 5 respond to scene
- Lead investigator responsible from crime scene(takes charge)
- One investigator responsible for the victim’s background, a second for witness interviews, two other canvas area

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14
Q

Case Detective Role

A

In charge of crime scene
- Document crime scene
-Interview original or reporting officer
- Examine crime scene w/ investigator
- Pass on necessary info to assisting detectives

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15
Q

Homicide Detective

A

-over everyone; relay info to command center
Assign role to detectives
Arrange for necessary resources
Keep logs of assignments

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16
Q

Crime Scene Investigation

A

Mentally prepare a reconstruction theory
Note any transient or conditional evidence that could change over time
Note weather conditions
Record initial observations (who, what, when, where, how)
Identify special needs within crime scene for personnel, precautions, notify superiors

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17
Q

Documentation of Crime Scene

A

Notes: date, time, location, weather, location of evidence, names involved
Photo: scene and surroundings, close up, various angles
Sketches: inclusion of dates, time, scale, reference points, measurements, legend
Video: allows narration to be included

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18
Q

Crime Scene Sketch

A

permanent record of items, conditions, and distance, size relationships, should include case indentifier
supplement photos

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19
Q

Link Method

A

based on linage theory of Locard; one type of evidence leads to another; experimental, logical/systematic; most common

20
Q

Line or strip method

A

best in fields, look in their “lane” walking in a straight line

21
Q

Grid method

A

-double line method (investigation work is done from left to right and then re-done from top to bottom)
-effective but time-consuming

22
Q

zone method

A
  • in houses/buildings
    -teams assigned small zones for searching
23
Q

Wheel/ ray method

A

Starting in the middle of an imaginary circle, each investigator moves in a direction straight out from the center

24
Q

spiral

A

from the position of the core crime scene or on the perimeter and then moves in an outward direction.
-no physical barriers

25
Q

Triangulation

A

measure between 2 posts

26
Q

coordinate/ grid

A

divides crime into squares for mapping

27
Q

suspended polar coordinates

A

used for evidence in a hole

28
Q

baseline

A

set a N-S line and measure each piece of evidence from this line

29
Q

GPS

A

notifies if need to look underground

30
Q

DNA is packaged in

A

paper

31
Q

Evidence Packaging

A

most fragile pack first
all individual , sealed, and labeled
arson:alum can
blood:crushpoof container
body fluids: air dry completely, put in paper
fingerprints: cards them put in paper or plastic

32
Q

Druggist fold

A

of folding one end of a piece of paper over one-third, then folding the other end over that, and repeating the process

33
Q

Chain of custody

A

written record of who has had evidence
- if not recorded evidence is unusable

34
Q

statutory law

A

to regulate the system and bind people to follow a legal system

35
Q

Common/ Case law

A

law that is derived from judicial decisions

36
Q

Civil law

A

regulates the non-criminal rights (divorce)

37
Q

criminal law

A

committing a crime

38
Q

misdemeanor

A

minor crime (theft)

39
Q

Felony

A

face jail time(robbery)

40
Q

equity law

A

preventative (restraining order)

41
Q

administrative law

A

military rule breaks

42
Q

search warrant

A

legal document that allows a search of self/property
-MUST GIVE REASON

43
Q

When do you not need a warrant

A

emergency
prevent loss of evidence
leading to a lawful arrest
consent
given probable cause(evidence to incriminate)

44
Q

Plain view doctrine

A

allows an officer to seize evidence of a crime without a warrant when the evidence is clearly visible

45
Q

Miranda vs Arizona

A

have to be given rights before interrogation (mirandized)

forensics (5 decks)

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