Blood Spatter (ch 7) Flashcards

1
Q

blood typing is what type of evidence
what id DNA profiling

A

class
individual

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2
Q

a blood spatter pattern can give info about

A

truthfulness, origin of blood, angle and velocity of impact, and type of weapon

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3
Q

whole blood carries

A

cells and plasma

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4
Q

plasma

A

the fluid with hormones, clotting factors, and nutrients

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5
Q

red blood cells

A

carry oxygen to the bodys cells and cardon dioxide away (5-6 million)

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6
Q

white blood cells

A

fight disease and foreign invaders and, alone, contain cell nuclei (5000-10000)

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7
Q

platelets

A

aid in blood clotting and teh repair of damages blood vessels (250,000-400,000)

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8
Q

Blood type vs dna profiling

A

bllod type–quicker and less $$, produces class evidence but can still link a suspect or exclude suspect

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9
Q

Karl Landsteiner

A

-1900
-discovered there is more than one blood type because he blood didn;t mix freely w another
-1901
-identified A and B cell surface proteins

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10
Q

type a

A

42%

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11
Q

type b

A

12%

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12
Q

Type ab

A

3%

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13
Q

type O

A

43%

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14
Q

Rh+, Rh-

A

85 %
-either have it or don’t

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15
Q

A and B proteins

A

-two proteins embedded in cell membranes of red blood cells
-type o neither

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16
Q

Probability of blood types

A
  • can limit the size of a suspect population
    -multipky decimals and *100
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17
Q

Blood spatter has been used in cases since

18
Q

in ____ the meaning of the splatter pattern was analyzed

19
Q

splatter pattern

A
  • takes grouping of blood stains
  • help reconstruct events surrounding crime
20
Q

blood spatter analysis

A
  • dierction blood traveled
    -angle of impact
  • point of origin of the blood
    -velocity of the blood
    -manner of death
21
Q

when blood dropped from 90 degrees it forms

A

round droplets

22
Q

satellite droplets

A

smaller blood droplets that are ejected from a larger volume drop when that drop hits a surface.
-happens when blood falls from heogh or high velocity

23
Q

spiking patterns

A

blood falls on less than smooth surface

24
Q

passive drops

A

circular with secondary satellites

25
arterial gushes
spurt like at varying heights
26
splashes
like exclamation points
27
smears
touches/brushes against a firm surface
28
trails
round, smeared, or even spurts
29
pools
large amounts left by the victim in one spot
30
cohesion
blood attracting to blood
31
adhesion
blood attracted to surface
32
surface tension
causes the blood drop to pull itself in; both horizontally and vertically. The blood drop will settle into a spherical shape, as a result of the surface tension. The surface tension will maintain the sphere shape of the blood drop until it impacts with the. surface.
33
point of origin
where blood originated - can be determined by measuring the width and length of droplet
34
High velocity
-less than 1 mm 100 ft/sec ex: gunshot wounds
35
mediun
1-4 mm 25 ft/sec beating, stabbing
36
low
4-6 5 ft/sec blunt object impact
37
luminol
causes hemoglobin to fluresce under black light
38
4 steps in investigating blood at crime scene
confirm that the stain is blood confirm that the blood is human blood determine the blood type see if blood matches suspect; perform a DNA analysis if necessary and suspect can be excluded
39
Kastle-meyer test
if stain is blood turns a dark pink
40
leukomalachite green
changes color to green when blood is present