Module 2 Flashcards
Individuals may receive an ? or ?
- to make speech
- to restore
- to augment
- to enhance
- to improve
assistive listening device (ALD) or hearing assistive technology (HAT)
- audible
- a range of loudness experience
- communication
- personal safety or environmental awareness
- quality of life
Hearing aids:
hearing aid technology has
continuously ?
in addition to a ? hearing aids have three fundamental components:
developed rapidly since the mid 1800s
improving tech.
power source/ 1. microphone 2. amplifier 3. receiver
Microphones:
directional:
omnidirectional:
automatic directional:
-
more sensitive to the sound in front of the user
respond to sound from all directions
switch between modes
- conventional
- open fit
Audiologist makes decision about ?
open fit for ?
- allows for low freq. sounds to be ?
- hearing aid compensates for ?
-
-
earmold not us
high freq. sensorineural hearing loss
- picked up naturally
- missed higher freq. sounds
loss
age
what audiologist feels is appropriate
Kids normally receive ?
-why?
hearing aids need to be?
BTE hearing aids
little ear canals - don’t want to be sticking things in
-changed more freq.
Other features:
- … control
- … input
- ….
- … control
- …. control
- ….. memories
- …… what or what ?
on-off control
audio input
telecoil
volume control
remote control
multiple memories
batteries - disposable or re-chargeable
There are at least ?
- … aids
- … BTE
- …
- … in the
- …in the
- ….
- … hearing aids
body aids (old won’t see anymore)
- behind the ear
- receiver in the ear (RITE)
- in the ear (ITE)
- in the canal (ITC)
- completely in the canal (CIC)
- implantable hearing aids
Body aids: for ? -... and... worn on ? -powerful ? easy? not ? low?
severe and profound hearing loss
-bulky and highly visible
body with cord to earmold
amplification/ easy control
heavily used in US and europe
low cost
Behind the Ear (BTE)
for ?
components fit in ?
very ? can be fitted with ?
fewer problems with? and easy ?
highly ?
making it impractical for ?
appropriate for
sometimes in profound range this won’t be ? but can use until
mild to profound loss
- shell placed behind the pinna
- flexible style of hearing aid/ many customizable options
- feedback/maintenance
- visible / some
children
enough/ cochlear implant
Receiver in the ear:
for ?
comprised of a ?
casing holds all? short of ?
power and being able to ?
-bigger the hearing aid the more ?
BTE has ?
RITE ?
mild to severe hearing loss
small casing that sits behind the ear
components/receiver which sits in the ear
amplify sound the most / power it is going to be able to have
most power
close second
In the ear and in the canal
ITE’s generally for ?
ITC’s are generally for ?
fit completely ?
-The ITC fills ?
must be ?
may ?
mild-to-severe losses
mild-to-moderately severe
inside the external ear
-less of cochlea than ITE
custom fit
distort sound of user’s voice
Completely in the canal: worn ? requires a ? reduces? virtually high ?
completely inside the ear canal
remote control (when available ) for adjustment
feedback and improves sound localization
invisible
maintenance
Implantable hearing aid:
for patients who cannot wear ?
transmits ?
not very?
external aid or who choose not to do so
micromechanical vibration directly to the ossicular chain
common
Bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA)
a type of ?
appropriate for ?
transmits sound through the ? to directly ?
implantable hearing aid
conductive or mixed hearing loss
skull / vibrate the cochlea and stimulate the hair cells
How is a hearing aid style selected?
depends upon
degree of hearing loss
patient’s preference
cost/insurance coverage
user’s age and lifestyle
user’s physical status
Cochlear Implants:
virtually unheard of ?
used for individuals who cannot?
cochlear implants provide ?
40 years ago
benefit from a hearing aid
sound sensation by means of directly stimulating the auditory nerve, bypassing damaged/missing hair cells
A cochlear implant is an? NOT
opportunity / a replacement
A brief history of cochlear implants:
while a ? scientists have discovered the ideas since?
modern research began in
the move toward wearable devices began in ?
the FDA approved first implant in?
recent developments focus on ?
also continuously ?
new technology/ 1700s
france in 1950s
US in 1960 and 1970s
1984
miniturization
improving tech.
Components of a Cochlear Implant:
components will be the same for ?
internal components ?
external components (like?) are worn ?
most US models are ? and have multiple ?
various manufacturers
implanted in the skull
microphone, processor, transmitter / behind the ear or directly on indiv. head
multichannel/ microphones
Candidacy for adults:
the presence of ?
patients most likely to benefit:
- those who used ?
- those who used a ?
- those who experienced a ?
irreversible sensorineural hearing loss and good general health
- aural/oral comm. in childhood
- hearing aid in the to be implanted ear up until time of implantation
- progressive hearing loss
Candidacy for children:
how old ? with some?
beginning in early 2020 ?
… period with hearing aids ? typically ?
limited or ?
family seeking ?
12 months of age (advanced bionics and MED-EL) / exception (eg meningitis)
9 months of age (cochlear americas)
trial period/ 3 months
no benefit from hearing aids
LSL
Keep in mind:
the FDA monitors and regulates the ?
manufacturers for cochlear implants NOT the cochlear implant centers
In the US 2020: total hearing loss?
Potential CI candidacy :
-severe to profound ?
How many people actually have them ?
-only
it is higher in ? which is still low compared to most european countries which is about?
WHY?
- low
- referrals
- outdated
- low
- stronger presence of?
what is not really an issue anymore
38 mill
- 2-1.3 mill
- HL
100,000
-8%
children (55%)
-90%
awareness not made consistently information knowledge of outcomes deaf community
insurance
Bilateral vs. Unilateral:
surgery can be
depends on
… implants
- implants in ?
- can enhance
simultaneous or sequential
individuals need and age
binaural cochlear implants
both ears
sound and localization
Receipt of Cochlear implant:
receiving implants is a ?
- extensive
- trial ?
- patient undergoes
- approx. 4 weeks later the ?
- patient engages in ?
multi-stage process
- audiological evaluation
- period with amplification
- surgery for implants
- external components are added
- extensive aural rehabilitation program
Accessories and additional options: wireless systems: -sound is transported from ? -individual can be ? -signal is delivered either ? example?
source to individual radio waves or infrared signals
far from the sound source
via earphones or through a hearing aid
FM systems
FM systems:
the speaker wear s a ? and the speech is ? transmitted through the room to the listener who wears a ?
can be ? or ?
great option for both
wireless microphone/ frequency modulated on radio waves/ receiver and headphones or a behind the ear hearing aid with an audio boot
personally owned / for a group setting classroom
children and adults
Hardwired options: hardwired systems: connect the ? sound is delivered to ? most often used for ? wired reality makes it ?
sound source to the listener by wire
hearing aid, headphones or neck loop
Tv, radio or music
unattractive to some
Other options:
other kinds of hearing assistance technology systems;
-facilitates
examples include
- …
- …
- a baby?
- telephone ?
information that is not speech
- flashing doorbell
- flashing smoke or fire alarm
- cry alert system
- ring causing lamp to flash
Computer-based technology:
- members of deaf community have quickly
- allows comm. with those lacking
- … have enhanced comm.
- sign-language via ? are now options
picked up texting and instant messaging
lacking knowledge of sign language
Twitter and FB
video chat
