Module 1.3: Review: Cellular Transport System Flashcards
The ___ separates the components of a cell
from its environment and is what surrounds the cell.
cell membrane
The cell membrane is also referred to as the “gatekeeper” of the cell because ___.
it regulates the flow of materials into and out of cell, as it is selectively permeable
___ is defined as the stable internal balance.
homeostasis
What part of a cell is responsible for maintaining homeostasis within the cell?
cell membrane
The cell membrane maintains homeostasis through balancing the ___. (4)
- pH
- temperature
- glucose (sugar intake)
- water balance
True or False
The cell membrane maintains homeostasis within a cell only through active transport.
False
The cell membrane maintains homeostasis within a cell through active and passive transport.
The ___ of a solution tells how acidic or basic it is.
pH
What solutions are considered acidic, neutral, and basic?
acidic = solutions from 0-6 pH
basic = solutions from 8-14 pH
neutral = solutions with a 7 pH
All cells have a cell membrane made of ___ ____, and ____. (3)
- phosphate
- proteins
- lipids
Hence, it is called the phospholipid bilayer.
True or False
The cell membrane both repels and attracts water through the membrane at the same.
True
A single phospholipid has ___ heads and ____ fatty acid tails.
hydrophilic (water-loving) phosphate;
hydrophobic (water-hating)
__ is a process that does not require energy to move molecules from a high to a low concentration.
passive transport
What are three (3) types of passive transport?
- diffusion or simple diffusion
- facilitated diffusion
- osmosis
___ is the movement of small particles across the cell membrane until homeostasis is reached.
diffusion
____ requires the help of carrier and channel proteins.
facilitated diffusion
During diffusion, particles move from an area of ___ concentration to an area of ___ concentration.
high;
low
____ is the movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane. This is in which water moves across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
osmosis
What are the three (3) types of solutions in osmosis?
- isotonic
- hypotonic
- hypertonic
____ solutions contain the same concentration of solute as another solution.
isotonic
When a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, the water ____ at the _____ rate.
diffuses into and out of the cell;
same
___ solutions contain a low concentration of solute relative to another solution (e.g. cell cytoplasm).
hypotonic
When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the water diffuses ___ the
cell, causing the cell to ___ and ____.
into;
swell and possibly explode
___ solutions contain a high concentration of solute relative to another solution (e.g. cell cytoplasm).
hypertonic
When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water diffuses ___ of the cell, causing the cell to ____.
out;
shrivel
In a hypertonic solution, the water or solution outside the cell is ___ than the inside of the cell.
This will cause the cell to ___ and ___.
saltier;
shrivel and shrink
A hypotonic solution will cause the cell to take in water and ____.
swell
True or False
The water outside of the cell in an isotonic solution has an UNEQUAL amount of salt as the water inside the cell.
False
EQUAL
What are the four (4) types of active transport?
- EXOcytosis
- ENDOcytosis
- PINOcytosis
- PHAGOcytosis
____, an active transport, refers to how materials EXIT the cell (or how the cell uses the bathroom).
EXOcytosis
____, an active transport, refers to how materials ENTER the cell (cell eating or engulfing).
ENDOcytosis
___, an active transport, refers to how SMALL materials enter the cell (cell eating/engulfing).
PINOcytosis
____, an active transport, refers to how LARGER materials enter the cell (cell eating/engulfing).
PHAGOcytosis
