Module 12B: Crime Prevention Flashcards
situational crime prevention
offers a relatively quick response to crime problems
emphasise on situation on offenders
Situational prevention theory
comprises opportunity reducing measures that 1) are directed at highly specific forms of crime, 2) involve the management, design or manipulation of the immediate environment in a systematic and permenant way as possible, 3) makes crime more difficult or risky or less rewarding and make excusable as judged by a wide range of offenders
Examples of increasing risk
increase formal surveillence
increase natural surveillence
Examples of increasing risk; increase formal surveillence
security guards
CCTV
alarms
Examples of increasing risk: increase natural surveillence
improve lighting so passersby can see what is happening
remove obstacles that block passerby view
encourage people to place
Displacement
shifting of crime to another target, time or place
Diffusion of benefits
benefits of the intervention spread to other crimes, places, potential targets or times
Criminal justice prevention
through police, courts and prisons
Random breath testing
succesful deterrence
high levels of publicity, visibility and randomness increase uncertainity of risk ( has a positive effect)
Community prevention
underlying premise in that crime is a community problem as opposed to a problem of individuals
techniques of community prevention used to increase community empowerment
mass mobilisation public advocacy social action education community empowerment improve local services
riskfactors for juvenille crime
childhood antisocial behaviour low self control low levels of parental supervision harsh inconsistent supervision child maltreatment offending by parents and siblings parental conflict large family size weak parental and school attachments
types of development prevention include
preschool education programs
developmental daycare
home visitations
parent training
