Module 1.2: Introduction to Cell Biology

Question 1

State the 3 considerations of the Cell Theory (original)

Answer 1

1. All organisms are made of one or more cells
2. Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 2

State the 3 considerations of the MODERN Cell Theory

Answer 2

1. Energy flow occurs within cells
2. Cells contain hereditary information which is passed down during cell division
3. All cells have similar chemical compositions between organisms of similar species

Question 3

Why are cells microscopic? (3 reasons why)

Answer 3

1. Shorter time for mRNA synthesis and travel
2. Increase surface area to volume ratio
3. Faster rate of diffusion

Question 4

Define Eukaryote and Eukaryotic cell

Answer 4

Eukaryote: Organism with [ eukaryotic cells / with cells that contain membrane-bound organelles / with cells that have true nuclear membrane ]
Eukaryotic cell: Cell with membrane-bound organelles / true nuclear membrane

Question 5

Identify the 5 Kingdoms

Answer 5

1. Monera
2. Protista
3. Animalia
4. Fungi
5. Plantae

Question 6

Identify the 3 Domains

Answer 6

1. Archaebacteria (extremophiles)
2. Eubacteria
3. Eukarya

Question 7

What do all cells have? (3)

Answer 7

1. Cytoplasm
2. Cell membrane
3. Nucleus

Question 8

7 functions of the cell membrane

Answer 8

1. Energy Transduction
2. Intercellular Interactions
3. Respond to External Stimuli
4. Selectively Permeable Membrane
5. Transport of Solutes
6. Anchorage / Scaffold for Biochemical Reactions
7. Compartmentalization

Question 9

Differentiate between the cell junctions “Hemidesmosomes” and “Desmosomes”

Answer 9

Hemidesmosome: connection to extracellular matrix
Demsmosome: connection between cells

Question 10

Identify the three components associated with the cytoskeleton.

Answer 10

1. Intermediate filaments
2. Microtubules
3. Spindle Fibres