Module 1.2: Inorganic Chemistry Flashcards
Lecture by Nhemia Dolojo, RPh
- it is the study of all elements under periodic table and its compound
Inorganic chemistry
- Describes the characteristics of substances obtained from non-living matter and minerals.
Inorganic chemistry
differentiate of organic and inorganic
Composition
C, H, O
All except carbon
differentiate of organic and inorganic
Bonding
Covalent
Ionic
differentiate of organic and inorganic:
Physical caharacteristics
Organic : Volatility : Volatile
Conduct heat and electricity Bad conductors
Inorganic:
Non- volatile
Good conductor
differentiate of organic and inorganic:
Melting point and boiling point
Low b/c volatile
High, bc non volatile
differentiate of organic and inorganic:
Sollubility
- Insoluble in water
- Highly soluble in organic solvents (Alcohol, ether, oil, benzene)
- Soluble in water
- Insoluble in organic compounds
differentiate of organic and inorganic:
Color
Colorless
Colorfull
Which of the following is used to prevent tooth decay?
A.Acetates C. Bromides
B.Citrates D. Fluorides
Flourides
Group 1A
Alkaline Metals
Groups IIA
Alkali Earth metals
Group IIIA
Boron Group
Group IVA
Carbon Group
GroupVA
Nitrogen Group
Group VIA
Oxygen group
Group VIIA
Halogens
Group 0 or
Group VIIIA
Group IB
Coinage Metals
Group IIB
Volatile Metals
Group IIIB
Scandium subgroup
Group IVB
Titanium subroup
Group VB
Vanadium subroup
Group VIB
Chromium subgroup
Group VIIB
Manganese subgroup
Group VIIIB
Iron Triad (1st triad, Light Triad, Heavy Triad
Group 0 or Group VIIIA
Noble gases/ inert gases/ Stable
◼ Most reactive of all the metallic elements
Hydrogen
Most abundant element in the universe
Hydrogen
Hydrogen is differentiated by using
using HCl acid
Hydroxides give ___- sol’ns
alkaline
◼ Lightest and MOST ABUNDANT element in the Universe
Hydrogen
2nd is Helium
Hydrigen is ◼ Discovered by: _____
Henry Cavendish
What are the preparation of Hydrogen
Messerchmidt Process
Lane Process
Electrolysis
Messerchmidt Process
Lane Process
Electrolysis
Messerchmidt Process- Produces 99.9% H2 = Blue water gas
◼Lane Process- Produces H2 from redox of Iron
◼Electrolysis- from water
What are the 3 isotopes of Hydrogen
Protium
Deuterium
Tritium
Most abundant isotope
- most common
- most stable
Protium
Heavy isotope of hydrogen
- D20, meaning Heavy water
Deuterium
Radioisotope
- heaviest isotope of hydrogen
Deuterium
What are the industrial uses of Hydrogen
Haber process- produces Ammonia
Hydrogen oil - Margarine
Inflating balloon - no longer use
It is also known as Hydrogen
Inflatable air
It is also known as water
UNiversal solvent
it iss an organism found in water
coliform organism
If atomic number increases; it also increases the
Activity
alkalinity
Degree of solvation
Possible role of hydrogen
◼ Solvent
◼ ligand
◼ acid/base
◼ oxidizing agent
Hydrogen :
Classification based on parameters and its two types
Suitability for drinking
◼ Non Potable
◼ Potable- fit for drinking
Hydrogen
◼ Classification parameter: Hardness
soft water
hard water
- water with minimal or no dissolved inorganic ions
Soft water
- high amount of Ca and Mg ions
Hard water
◼Hard water - high amount of ___
Ca and Mg ions
◼Contains mainly dissolved calcium and magnesium bicarbonate:____
temporary Hard Water
◼Contains mainly dissolved ____ and ____ Temporary hard water
calcium and magnesium bicarbonate:
Water softening method for temporary Hard water
Boiling water
◼Lime (Ca (OH)2)
Contains mainly dissolved calcium and magnesium sulfate and chloride in water :____
Permanent Hard water
Contains mainly dissolved ____, ___, and ___ in water :Permanent Hard water
calcium and magnesium sulfate and chloride
Water softening method: permanent hard water
___
◼Ion exchange resin method
water associated when crystals precipitate from aqueous solution
Water for crystalization
water associated with cations and/or anions of a salt in solution or crystal
Water for hydrations
physically held water
Zeolitic Water
water coordinated in a cationic complex or held in a definite lattice structure of the crystals
Lattice water
contain appreciable quantities of Na2SO4, MgSO4 and NaHCO3
Alkaline Water
- contains CO2 under pressure and usually effervesce on coming to the surface
Carbonated water
- contain calcium and magnesium carbonates in solution as bicarbonate
Carbonated water
- can be natural or artificial
Carbonated water
- Contains iron in solution or in suspension
Chalybate water
- Characterized by its ferruginous taste
Chalybate water
- Forms ferric hydroxide or ferric oxide upon exposure to air
Chalybate water
- contain appreciable quantities of lithium, either ascarbonate or chloride
Lithia water
Contain relatively high amounts of MgSO4, Na2SO4 and NaCl
Saline Water/ Purgative Water
Contains dissolved H2S and deposit S upon exposure to the atmosphere
Sulfur Water
Water that contain soluble alkali silicates
Siliceous Water
Contains Barium Hydroxide salt
Barita Water
◼ Most widely used
and Not used in parenterals
Purified water
◼ Solvent for parenteral products
◼ Pyrogen free
◼ Large scale
◼Water for injection
◼ Extemporaneous compounding small scale compounding
◼Sterile water for injection
◼ SWFI + 1 or more antimicrobial agent
◼Bacteriostatic Water for Injection