Module 12: Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence Flashcards
what etiological factors are there for ASD
genetic factors are considered to play a dominant role in the development of ASD
what treatments are involved in ASD
- medication and nutritional supplements
- psychoeducational interventions
- academic skill facilitation and remediation
- parent training
- behavioural interventions
what is the required duration of separation anxiety
4 weeks
what are key characteristics of separation anxiety
- fear or anxiety that is developmentally inappropriate concerning separation from individuals who the child is attached to
how is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder characterized
temper outbursts
what is the required duration of oppositional defiant disorder
6 months
what are key characteristics of operational defiant disorder
- angry/irritable
- argumentative/ deviant
- vindictiveness’
- annoy others on purpose, temper tantrums, spiteful, don’t take responsibility for actions
what are key characteristics of conduct disorder
- aggression directed toward people and animals
- destruction of property
- deceitfulness or theft
- serious violations of rules
what differentiates conduct disorder from oppositional defiant disorder
the behaviour violates the basic rights of other or major societal norms/rules
what are some etiological factors for separation anxiety
- history of anxious temperament
- brain dysfunction
- classical conditioning
- genetic predispositions for amygdala dysfunction
what are treatment methods for separation anxiety
- cognitive behavioural treatment
- SSRIs
what are some etiological factors for conduct disorder
- genetics
- neurobiology
- early difficult temperament
- prenatal risk factors
- low IQ
- poor parenting
- peer rejection
what are treatments for conduct disorder
- problem solving skills
- pharmacological interventions
- parent management training
- school and community based treatments
what are some etiological factors for oppositional defiant disorder
- genetics
- neurobiology
- temperament
- prenatal risk factors
- poor parenting
- peer rejection
what are treatments for oppositional defiant disorder
- problem solving skills
- pharmacological interventions
- parent management training
- school and community based treatments
what are key characteristics of ADHD
- persistent pattern of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity
what is the required duration for diagnosis of ADHD
6 months
what are some etiological factors for ADHD
- biological basis
- brain dysfunction
- genetics
- neurotransmitters
- environmental factors
what are some treatments for ADHD
- stimulant medications
- psychoeducational interventions
- academic skill facilitation or remediation
- parent training
what are key characteristics of autism spectrum disorder
- social impairment
- lack of emotional attachment
- echolalia
- lacking theory of mind
- comfort-seeking behaviours
what are key characteristics for Asperger’s disorder
- social impairment
- mild version of ASD with higher intellectual functioning
what key characteristics of dyslexia
- impairment in phonological processing
- difficulties with reading fluency
what are key characteristics of dyscalculia
- inability to process numerical quantities
- core deficits in working memory
- deliberate avoidance of math
what are key characteristics of Dysgraphia
deficits in:
- processing speed
- working memory
- executive functioning
what are factors that predict success during intervention techniques
- providing students with clear knowledge of learning disabilities and compensatory strategies in order to promote self-advocacy skills
- supportive school environment
- positive relationships with effective teachers
- emotional support
what issues are there regarding assessing and treating children?
- children may present different symptoms based on their cognitive stage
- changes and development of new skills
- brain maturation
what disorders are classified as externalizing problems
ADHD; ODD; CD
what disorders are classified as internalizing problems
SAD; Selective Mutism; RAD; Anxiety Disorders, mood disorders, DMDD
what are some gender differences regarding different diagnosis
- girls were more likely than boys to be diagnoses with a mood disorder, anxiety disorder, or eating disorder
- boys were more likely than girls to be diagnosed with a behaviour disorder, or substance use disorder
