Module 11: Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Question 1

what are the key characteristics of hypoactive sexual desire disorder?

Answer 1

• persistent or recurrently absent sexual thoughts and desire for sexual activity
• must be distressed and present for at least 6 months

Question 2

what are the key characteristics of female sexual interest / arousal disorder

Answer 2

• combination of lack of sexual interest and arousal disorder

Question 3

what are the key characteristics of female orgasmic disorder

Answer 3

• absence of or delay in frequency of orgasm in about 75 to 100% of sexual occasions
• symptoms must cause distress and be present for at least 6 months

Question 4

what are the key characteristics of delayed ejaculation

Answer 4

• absence of or delay in frequency of ejaculation in about 75 to 100 percent of sexual occasions
• symptoms must cause distress and be present for at least 6 months

Question 5

what are the key characteristics for premature ejaculation

Answer 5

• persistent or recurrent pattern of ejaculation occurring during partnered sexual activity within approx. 1 minute following penetration
• ejaculation before the individual wishes it
• must occur in about 75-100% percent of sexual occasions
• symptoms must cause distress and be present for at least 6 months

Question 6

what are the key characteristics of Genito-pelvic pain/ penetration disorder

Answer 6

• persistent or recurring difficulties with one or more of the notes symptoms (i.e. vaginal penetration, etc.)
• symptoms must cause distress and be present for at least 6 months

Question 7

what are the key characteristics of hypersexuality (sex addiction)

Answer 7

• not included in the DSM
• loss of control over sexual urges, fantasies, and behaviours
• often engage in sexual activity to regulate negative emotional states
• associated with a variety of emotional and physical problems

Question 8

what are the key characteristics Gender Dysphoria

Answer 8

• at least 6 months duration with 6 of the 8 symptoms
• people with this disorder may cross-dress or attempt to rid themselves of secondary sex characteristics in other ways
• occurs more commonly in children

Question 9

what is gender dysphoria

Answer 9

when biological variables are consistent but are discordant with the person’s sense of self

Question 10

what is the duration required for paraphilic disorders to be diagnosed

Answer 10

6 months

Question 11

what is fetishistic disorder

Answer 11

recurrent and intense sexual arousal from either the use of nonliving objects or a highly specific focus on nongenital body part(s) for a duration of 6 months

Question 12

what is transvestic disorder

Answer 12

cross-dressing accompanied by sexual excitement over a period of 6 months - this must cause distress

Question 13

What is sexual sadism disorder

Answer 13

sexual arousal from the physical or psychological suffering of another person for at least 6 months.

• acted upon these urges on nonconsenting person
• urges cause them distress

Question 14

what is sexual masochism disorder

Answer 14

sexual arousal from experiencing pain or humiliation from another person for at least 6 months
- must cause distress

Question 15

what is exhibitionistic disorder

Answer 15

sexual arousal from exposing genitals to an unsuspecting person

Question 16

what is voyeuristic disorder

Answer 16

sexual arousal from secretly looking at naked people

Question 17

what is frotteuristic disorder

Answer 17

touching or rubbing against a non-consenting person for the purpose of sexual pleasure

Question 18

what is pedophilic disorder

Answer 18

recurrent fantasies or behaviours involving sexual activity with prepubescent children

Question 19

what are common etiological factors for sexual dysfunction disorders

Answer 19

• shame and ignorance about sex
• anxiety about sex
• lack of experience with physical affection
• low self-confidence

Question 20

what are etiological factors of gender dysphoria

Answer 20

• boys failure to separate from mother
• encouragement from parents of gender-inappropriate behaviours, combined with lack of same-sex adult model, and overprotection by the opposite-sex parent
• child-rearing in early years
• surgery to reassign to the opposite sex
• psychotherapy
• counselling

Question 21

what are common etiological factors of sexual offending

Answer 21

• conditioning theories
• boys are encouraged to be dominant
• deficits in cortical regions
• low IQ
• antisocial traits
• intimacy deficits
• poor social skills

Question 22

what are treatment methods for sexual dysfunction disorders

Answer 22

psychological interventions and physical treatments

Question 23

how do cultural norms interact with sex and gender identity disorders

Answer 23

• norms for sexual behaviour can change over time
• people have different views of what constitutes sex
• different cultures have varying beliefs which makes it difficult for clinicians to deem what is typical and what is not

Question 24

How is homosexuality related to the DSM

Answer 24

homosexuality was considered to be a disorder up until and including the publication of the DSM-2

Question 25

what are some sexual response differences between men and women

Answer 25

• men fantasize about sex much more frequently than women

- men report an earlier age at first intercourse and greater number of sexual partners

Question 26

what is significant about the island Beag in Ireland

Answer 26

the citizens have no knowledge of sexual practices.

• during intercourse both parties keep their underwear on
• female orgasm is unheard of

Question 27

what are the four stages of the sexual response cycle

Answer 27

1. excitement
2. plateau
3. orgasm
4. resolution

Question 28

What is Helen Kaplan’s alternative model to sexual stages

Answer 28

1. desire
2. excitement
3. orgasm