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TCW | Finals > Module 11 : Global Demography > Flashcards

Module 11 : Global Demography Flashcards

1
Q

It is the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations.

A

GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY

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2
Q

It encompasses the study of the size, structure, and distribution of these populations, and spatial or temporal changes in them in response to birth, migration, ageing, and death.

A

GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY

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3
Q

SOURCES OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

A

CENSUS
VITAL STATISTICS
HISTORICAL RECORDS
ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS
SAMPLE SURVEY

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4
Q

is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information
about the members of a given population.

A

CENSUS

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5
Q

It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population.

A

CENSUS

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6
Q

are statistics on live births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages and divorces.

A

VITAL STATISTICS

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7
Q

an administrative system used by governments to record
vital events which occur in their populations.

A

Civil registration

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8
Q

The most common way of collecting information on these events is through civil registration

A

VITAL STATISTICS

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9
Q

Refers to important documents of recorded events kept in the
national archives.

A

HISTORICAL RECORDS

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10
Q

Refers to stored data of government or non- governmental agencies.

A

ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS

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11
Q

It refers to studies of representative portions of the total population.

A

SAMPLE SURVEY

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12
Q

THEORIES OF POPULATIONS:

A

MALTHUSIAN THEORY OF POPULATION GROWTH
DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION THEORY
ARSENE DUMONT’S SOCIAL CAPILLARITY THEORY
KINGSLEY DAVIS’ THEORY OF CHANGE AND RESPONSE

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13
Q

human populations grow exponentially (i.e., doubling with each cycle) while food production grows at an arithmetic rate (i.e. by the repeated
addition of a uniform increment in each uniform interval of time).

A

MALTHUSIAN THEORY OF POPULATION GROWTH

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14
Q

Disaster, war, famine and/or pestilence

A

Positive Checks

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15
Q

Birth control, abortion and abstinence

A

Preventive Checks

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16
Q

It describes a progressive movement from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.

A

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION THEORY

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17
Q

It is a generalised description of the changing pattern of mortality, fertility and growth rates as societies move from one demographic regime to another

A

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION THEORY

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18
Q

It describes four stages of population growth, following patterns that connect birth and death rates with stages of industrial development.

A

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION THEORY

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19
Q

STAGES OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL

A

Stage 1: Stage of high potential growth
Stage 2: Stage of explosive growth
Stage 3: Stage of incipient decline
Stage 4: Stage of low to very low birth rate and very low death rate
Stage 5: fertility rates

20
Q

pre-industrial society, death rates and birth rates are high and roughly in balance, and population growth is typically very slow and constrained by the available food supply. What stage is this?

A

Stage 1: Stage of high potential growth

21
Q

that of a developing country, the death rates drop rapidly due to improvements in food supply and sanitation, which increase life spans and reduce disease. What stage is this?

A

Stage 2: Stage of explosive growth

22
Q

birth rates fall due to access to contraception, increases in wages, urbanization, increase in the status and education of women, and increase in investment in education. Population growth begins to level
off. What stage is this?

A

Stage 3: Stage of incipient decline

23
Q

birth rates and death rates are both low. The large group born during stage two ages and creates an economic burden on the shrinking working population. What stage is this?

A

Stage 4: Stage of low to very low birth rate and very low death rate

24
Q

fertility rates transition to either below- replacement or above-
replacement. What stage is this?

A

Stage 5: fertility rates

25
Q

This principle is based on the recognition that every
society is marked with a set of hierarchic social order
in which individuals in the upper hierarchy enjoy
greater prestige than those belonging to the lower
hierarchy.

A

ARSENE DUMONT’S SOCIAL CAPILLARITY THEORY

26
Q

The desires of people to improve their social status,
wealth and individuality can make them long for less
number of children/limit their family size because
they consider children as a liability or burden to
social mobility.

A

ARSENE DUMONT’S SOCIAL CAPILLARITY THEORY

27
Q

It posits that industrialized countries solve the problem of population growth by using demographic measures to maximize new opportunities and avoid relative loss of status.

A

KINGSLEY DAVIS’ THEORY OF CHANGE AND RESPONSE

28
Q

Modern societies reduce their population as a response to the operating social organizations, changing conditions which arise from past performance, the altering socio-economic environment, and the families’ concern for prospective standing in the community in
comparison with other families.

A

KINGSLEY DAVIS’ THEORY OF CHANGE AND RESPONSE

29
Q

POPULATION VARIABLES

A

Fertility
Fecundity
Mortality
Life expectancy
Migration

30
Q

It is the natural capability to produce offspring

A

Fertility

31
Q

is the number of offspring born per mating pair, individual
or population

A

fertility rate

32
Q

The capacity for producing offspring, especially in abundance.

A

Fecundity

33
Q

It is the actual reproductive rate of an organism or population,
measured by the number of gametes (eggs), seed set, or asexual
propagules.

A

Fecundity

34
Q

It is the state of being mortal, or susceptible to death; the opposite
of immortality.

A

Mortality

35
Q

It is a statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of their birth, their current age and other demographic factors including sex.

A

Life expectancy

36
Q

It is the movement by people from one place to another with the intentions of settling temporarily or permanently in the new
location.

A

Migration

37
Q

LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH

A

Ø Prematurity
Ø Road injury
Ø Diabetes mellitus
Ø Respiratory cancers
Ø HIV/AIDS
Ø Diarrhoeal diseases
Ø Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (asthma,
emphysema & bronchitis)
Ø Lower respiratory infection (flu, pneumonia & TB)
Ø Stroke
Ø Ischaemic heart disease/Coronary heart disease

38
Q

IMPLICATIONS OF POPULATION GROWTH

A
  • Population and labor force
  • Population and poverty incidence
  • Population and hunger incidence
  • Population and housing
  • Population and health
  • Population and water supply
  • Population and waste disposal
39
Q

CHALLENGES

A
  • Human population is rising by 79 million people
    annually.
  • Many more people are born into poverty than into
    wealth.
  • Rich and poor nations are divided by a “wealth gap.”
  • HIV/AIDS is taking a heavy toll.
  • Population growth has severe environmental effects.
40
Q

SOLUTIONS

A
  • Expanding women’s rights is crucial to encourage
    the demographic transition.
  • Health and reproductive education and counseling
    can reduce fertility rates.
  • Education, medicine, and policies can lessen the toll
    of HIV/AIDS.
  • New “green” technologies can help reduce
    population growth’s environmental impacts.
41
Q

It is a summation of all the organisms of the same group or species,
which live in a particular geographical area, and have the capability of
interbreeding.

A

POPULATION

42
Q

It is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a
specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.

A

MORTALITY RATE/DEATH RATE

43
Q

It is the international movement of people into a destination country of which they are not natives or where they do not possess citizenship in order to settle or reside there, especially as permanent residents or
naturalized citizens, or to take-up employment as a migrant worker or
temporarily as a foreign worker

A

IMMIGRATION

44
Q

It is the act of leaving one’s resident country with the intent to settle
elsewhere.

A

EMIGRATION

45
Q

a portion of territory within or surrounded by a larger territory whose inhabitants are culturally or ethnically distinct.

A

ENCLAVES

TCW | Finals (4 decks)

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