Module 10: Stimulants & NPS

Question 1

COCAINE: Structurally different from other local anesthetics because of this moiety:

Thioester, Amide, Tropine, Ether, Sulfoxide

Answer 1

Tropine

Question 2

Cocaine prevents the reuptake of these neurotransmitters:

Answer 2

Serotonin, Norepinephrine, Dopamine

Question 3

After Cocaine use, this forms by spontaneous hydrolysis at physiological and alkaline pH:

Answer 3

BE

Question 4

True or False: Cocaine can readily be assayed by GC/MS without derivatization.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

True or False: BE can readily be assayed by GC/MS without derivatization.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Cocaine is readily extracted at this pH range:

Answer 6

8-9

Question 7

An important metabolite of Cocaine to detect in meconium samples:

Answer 7

m-hydroxybenzoylecgonine

Question 8

A unique cocaine metabolite in postmortem blood and urine after smoking of cocaine:

Answer 8

Methylecgonidine

Question 9

The primary analyte detected in hair following cocaine use:

Cocaine, Ecgonine methyl ester, Norcocaine, Ecgonine, Benzoylecgonine

Answer 9

Cocaine

Question 10

Approximate cocaine half-life:

Answer 10

1.5 hours

Question 11

In the U.S. Federal Workplace Drug Testing Program, the confirmation cut-off for benzoylecgonine:

Answer 11

150 ng/mL

Question 12

Cocaine and its ester metabolites are susceptible to hydrolysis under what temperature and pH conditions:

Answer 12

High temperature and alkaline

Question 13

True or False: The addition of NaF to a collection container will inhibit the spontaneous chemical hydrolysis of cocaine to benzoylecgonine.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

This route of administration consistently produces 100% drug bioavailability:

Answer 14

IV

Question 15

Cocaine is metabolized to ecgonine methyl ester via enzymatic hydrolysis by:

Answer 15

Plasma pseudocholinesterase

Question 16

Cocaine and pupils:

Answer 16

Dilation

Question 17

What is the MOST hepatotoxic metabolite of Cocaine:

Answer 17

Norcocaine

Question 18

True or False: Benzoylecgonine is pharmacologically active.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Methamphetamine stimulates the CNS by displacing this neurotransmitter from nerve terminal storage vesicles:

Answer 19

Dopamine

Question 20

Methamphetamine -> Amphetamine:

O-demethylation, N-Deacytylation, N-demethylation, Hydroxylation, N-Methylation

Answer 20

N-demethylation

Question 21

Used in over-the-counter nasal inhalers (include Isomer):

Answer 21

L-Methamphetamine

Question 22

Methamphetamine and pupils:

Answer 22

Dilation

Question 23

This drug was removed from over-the-counter sales in 2005:

Answer 23

PPA

Question 24

Other name for 5-HT receptors:

Answer 24

Serotonin receptors

Question 25

This drug has no effect on 5-HT:

Methamphetamine, Amphetamine, MDMA, Phentermine, All of the above

Answer 25

Phentermine

*Think 5-HT = serotonin

Question 26

_____ isomers can result from the reaction of an asymmetric sample with an asymmetric derivatizing reagent.

Answer 26

Four

Question 27

Selegiline is metabolized to:

Answer 27

L-Methamphetamine and L-Amphetamine

Question 28

Selective 5-HT neurotoxin.

MDMA, MDEA, Methamphetamine, MDA, Amphetamine

Answer 28

MDMA

*Think 5-HT = serotonin

Question 29

Chemical ionization GC/MS distinguishes methamphetamine from phentermine because phentermine yields a distinct _____ ion.

Answer 29

133

Question 30

The l-isomer of methamphetamine has approximately _____ potency of its d-isomer.

Answer 30

10%

Question 31

This drug currently has no recognized medical use in the United States:

Methamphetamine, MDMA, Amphetamine, Phentermine, Cocaine

Answer 31

MDMA

*Think: MDMA is the only schedule I of the listed drugs

Question 32

In 2005, these 3 drugs became of limited availability to combat the methamphetamine epidemic:

Answer 32

PPA, Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine

Question 33

True or False: Illicitly manufactured Methamphetamine is only comprised of d-methamphetamine.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

The stage of methamphetamine use where a person may act out in a violent and aggressive manner is referred to as the _____ stage:

Binge, Tweaking, Crash, Rush, Withdrawal

Answer 34

Tweaking

Question 35

When tested using the Marquis color test methamphetamine and amphetamine mixtures turn:

Answer 35

Orange to Red

Question 36

When tested using the Marquis color test MDMA and MDA mixtures turn:

Answer 36

Purple to Black

Question 37

Amines: two isomers –>

Which form has a longer half life and is 10% of potency?
Which form has a shorter half life and more CNS activity?

Answer 37

Which form has a longer half life and is 10% of potency? L

Which form has a shorter half life and more CNS activity? D

Question 38

Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine may be metabolized in small amounts to what?

Answer 38

PPA

Question 39

Excretion of Amines is pH dependent.

A more acidic urine causes half life to ____ while a more alkaline urine causes half life to _____.

Answer 39

Decrease;
Increase

Question 40

6 Stages of Amine Use

Answer 40

Rush (5 min)
Binge (1-5 days)
Tweaking (4-24 hours)
Crash (1-3 days)
Normal (2-7 days)
Withdrawal

Question 41

Approximate half-life of Methamphetamine:

Answer 41

10 hours`

Question 42

Approximate half-life of MDMA/MDA:

Answer 42

6 hours

Question 43

Approximate % of cocaine and metabolites excreted in urine:

Answer 43

<10% unchanged
25-50% BE
20-40% EME
2-3% Ecgonine

Question 44

Molecule that has both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic portion

What is an example?

Answer 44

Zwitterion

BE