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Clinical Anatomy Final Exam > Module 10 Pelvis and Perineum > Flashcards

Module 10 Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

What is the “line” that divides the pelvis?

A

Iliopectineal line (AKA pelvic brim)

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2
Q

What is the region above the iliopectineal line referred to as?

A

Pelvic major (false pelvis)

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3
Q

What is the region below the iliopectineal line referred to as?

A

Pelvic minor (true pelvis)

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4
Q

What are you sitting on right now?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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5
Q

What does the iliopectineal line transform into in the pubis?

A

pectineal line

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6
Q

What are the boundaries of the superior pelvic aperture-pelvic inlet (brim)

A

Poster-Promontor and ant border of ala
Lat-Iliopectineal line
Anter-Pubic symph, pectin puis, pubic crest

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7
Q

What are the boundaries of the inferior pelvic aperture-pelvic outlet?

A

Post-sacrum and coccyx
Lat-ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligaments
Ant-pubic symp, arcuate ligament, rami of pubis and ischium

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8
Q

So the superior pelvic outlet is looking from the ________ to the _______

A

top to the bottom

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9
Q

The inferior pelvic outlet is looking from the ______ to the _____

A

bottom to the top

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10
Q

What are the boundaries of the major pelvis (false pelvis)

A

above the pelvic brim

and wall, iliac fossa, and L5-S1

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11
Q

What is contained in the major (false) pelvis?

A

Abdominal viscera (ileum of SI and sigmoid colon)

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12
Q

What are the boundaries of the minor (true) pelvis?

A

Below the pelvic brim
Above the pelvic outlet (floor)
Pelvic surfaces of hip bones, sacrum and coccyx

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13
Q

What is contained in the minor (true) pelvis?

A

Mostly reproductive organs

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14
Q

What forms the acetabulum?

A

Junction of 3 hip bones (hip socket)
Acetabular notch
lunate
margin

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15
Q

What forms the obturator foramen?

A

Rami of pubis and ischium

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16
Q

So the obturator foramen is different than the obturator canal how?

A

The foramen in the small hole in the ligamentous material contained in the foramen. The canal is where the obturator nerve comes through.

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17
Q

M/F? Larger bones?

A

Male

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18
Q

M/F? Shallower false pelvis?

A

Female

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19
Q

M/F? Oval shaped pelvic inlet?

A

Female

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20
Q

What shape is the males pelvic inlet?

A

heart shaped

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21
Q

What shape is the female obturator foramen?

A

Oval or triangular

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22
Q

What shape is the male obturator foramen?

A

round

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23
Q

What two ligaments maintain stability between Left and R pelvic bone?

A

Superior pubic ligament and Inferior pubic ligament

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24
Q

Where is most of the support in regards to the vertebropelvic ligaments?

A

Posterior region

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25
Attachments-Iliolumbar ligament
L4/5-iliac crest
26
Attachments-Sacrotuberous ligament
Lateral sacrum/coccyx-Ischial tuberosity
27
Attachments-sacrospinous ligament
Caudal border of sacrum to ischial spine
28
What forms the anterior pelvic wall?
Pubic symphysis Obturator internus Body and rami of pubic bones
29
What forms the lateral pelvic wall?
Obturator internus
30
Attachm-obturator internus
Pelvic surface of ilium and ischium and obturator membrane--->Greater trochanter of femur
31
Innervation -obturator internus?
Obturator nerve
32
What forms the lateral pelvic wall?
Sacrum and portion of the ilium SI joints and their ligaments Piriformis muscle
33
Attach: Piriformis m.
sacral pelvis numb. 2 and 4, superior margin of sciatic notch, and sacrotuberous ligament-->Greater trochanter of femur
34
So both the muscles of the lateral and anterior pelvic wall attach up top and run down to where?
The Greater trochanter of the femur
35
What muscles make up the floor of the pelvis?
Puborectalis Pubococcygeus Iliococcygeus Ischicoccygeus
36
What muscles are considered Levator Ani?
Pubrectalis Pubococcygeus Iliococcygeus
37
What does Levator Ani do?
resists intraabdominal pressure
38
Which is the U shaped muscle that is a "lasso" around the anorectal junction?
Puborectalis
39
Where does the Levator Ani attach?
Body of pubis, obturator membrane, and ischial spine---->Coccyx, walls of prostate or vagina, rectum and anal canal
40
Where does the common iliac artery bifurcate?
L4
41
Which artery passes through the false pelvis only?
External iliac artery
42
Which vessel in the pelvis becomes the femoral artery?
External iliac artery
43
Posterior division of internal iliac provides blood to _____?
The organs
44
Anterior division of the internal iliac artery provides blood to ______?
Outside wall of the pelvis
45
Where does the Ilioinguinal nerve go?
passes inferolateral and anterior to quadratus lumborum
46
What does the ilioinguinal nerve supply?
skin-suprapubic and inguinal | motor-abdominals
47
Where does the femoral nerve go?
Lateral to blood vessel as it enters thigh deep to inguinal ligament
48
What does the femoral nerve supply?
Posterior divisions Hip flexors Extensors of knee
49
What does the obturator nerve supply?
Anterior diviisons, adductors of the thigh
50
Sacral plexus divides into _____ and ______
Posterior division (common peroneal) and Anterior division (tibial nerve)
51
Where is the urinary bladder located?
in the true pelvis (below the brim)
52
What is the name of the part of the posterior wall that is made of specialized smooth muscle of the bladder wall?
Trigone
53
What is the smooth muscle that lines the walls of the bladder called?
detrusor
54
What is the skeletal muscle that forms a sphincter around the urethra as it passes through the urogenital diaphragm?
External urethral sphincter
55
What is the smooth muscle that forms a sphincter at the junction the bladder and urethra?
Internal urethral sphincter
56
Where is sperm produced?
Seminiferous tubules
57
How do the testes develop?
Retroperitoneally and descend into the scrotum
58
What are the three parts of the epididymis?
Head, body tail
59
What are the functions of the epididymis?
Storage and maturation of sperm | Propulsion of sperm into ductus deferns
60
Where does the ductus deferens begin?
Epididymus tail
61
Where does the ductus deferens enter the pelvis?
Deep inguinal ring
62
Where does the ductus deferens end?
At the ampulla of the ductus deferent where it merges with the semnal vesicle and becomes the ejaculatory duct
63
What does epididymis contain that is good for sperm?
fructose (nutrition)
64
What is Florence's test?
Test to determine if fructose and choline (which is not produced anywhere in the body except the seminal vesicles) is present on sexual assault victims.
65
What does the prostate produce?
Fluid that combines with sperm and fluid of bulbourethral gland and seminal vesicle to produce semen (seminal fluid)
66
Which lobe of the prostate is MC to hypertrophy?
Posterior lobe
67
Which lobe of the prostates is MC to develop BPH?
Middle lobe
68
What doe bulbourethral glands secrete?
(Cowper's Gland)-Muscus like secretion
69
T/F scrotum is a cutaneous pouch that contains fat as well as reproductive organs?
F-No fat in the scrot!
70
What is contained in the Scrotum?
Testes and epididymis
71
What are the layers of the scrotum consistent with?
Layers of the abdominal wall.
72
What is the cremaster muscle a continuation of?
Internal oblique muscle
73
What part of the penis fills with 90% of the blood?
Cavernosa
74
What forms the body of the penis
Corpus spongiosum | Corpus cavernosa
75
The root of the penis contains what?
Crura | bulb
76
The head of the penis is formed by what?
Terminal corpus spongiosum
77
Where does the urethra pass through?
corpus spongiosum
78
What are the 3 divisions of the male urethra?
Prostatic Membranous (peroneum) Spongy (cavernous)
79
What do the ovaries secrete?
estrogen | progesterone
80
Where is the uterus located?
between the rectum and the bladder
81
What are the 3 layers of the wall of the uterus?
Perimetrium (outer) Myometrium (middle) endometrium (inner)
82
What is the MC gynecological malignancy?
Cervical cancer
83
Front to back order of openings external landmarks of the vagina?
``` Clitoris Vestibule Vestibule contains: Urethra vaginal opening ```
84
Define the perineum
Diamond shaped space that is part of the pelvic outlet
85
What are the boundaries of the perineum?
``` Ant- Pubic symphisis Ant/Lat-Ischiopubic rami Lat- Ischial tubero Post/Lat-Sacrotuberous lig Post-Coccyx ```
86
What are the 2 subdivisions of the perineal triangle?
Urogenital triangle | anal triangle
87
What are the subdivisions of the urogenital triangle?
Superficial perineal space | Deep perineal space
88
What are the muscles of the superficial perineal space?
Ischiocavernosus m. Bulbospongiousus m. Superficial transverse perineal m.
89
What is the space located between the superficial perineal fascia (collets fascia) and inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm called?
Superficial perineal space
90
What is the space located between inferior fascia of origin diaphragm and superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm called?
Deep perineal space
91
What are the muscles of the anal triangle?
Obturator internus Levator ani Sphincter ani externus coccygeus

Clinical Anatomy Final Exam (3 decks)

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