Module 10 Flashcards
What are the three core aspects of humanity in the whole person concept?
Physical, Psychological, and Spiritual aspects.
How does the mind-body-spirit connection influence our understanding of spirituality?
It shows that spirituality connects to the physical and psychological, often sensed beyond the five senses through intuition and emotions.
What is the “spiritual self” according to William James?
It is the most intimate, subjective part of the self, providing satisfaction through moral sensibility, reasoning, and willpower.
In what book did William James define the “spiritual self”?
The Principles of Psychology (1890).
How does Emile Durkheim define religion?
As a cultural system with shared beliefs and rituals, providing a sense of ultimate meaning.
What is the root meaning of “spirituality”?
Derived from the Latin spiritus, meaning “breath” or “life force.”
What is the primary focus of spirituality?
Individual growth and a connection with the sacred or divine.
How did early Christianity view spirituality?
As linked to the Holy Spirit, with practices that foster reverence, faith, and connection with God.
According to Peschke’s Christian Ethics (1994), what is worship’s role in spirituality?
Worship is essential for understanding transcendence and life’s ultimate meaning.
What are some positive impacts of spirituality on life?
Improved mental and physical health, contentment, resilience, and self-esteem.
How does spirituality promote self-actualization?
Through wisdom, self-transcendence, acceptance, meaningful behavior, and interpersonal trust.
How can relationships influence spiritual growth?
Strong parent-child bonds and school programs like retreats foster spiritual orientation and self-evaluation.
What are some personal practices to enhance spirituality?
Meditation, empathy, faith, and reflection to create purpose and self-discovery.
Physical Aspect
Biological
What does the physchological aspect involve?
Behavior
is an ongoing, personal life journey, contextualized by belief in God, culture, relationships, nature, and discovering meaning in one’s life.
Spiritual self
What journey is the spiritual self part of?
Seeking the meaning of life
What does spirituality contribute to self-understanding?
It helps in forming relationships, engaging socially, understanding life’s meaning and purpose, and achieving happiness and joy.
What does a beautiful spirit not seek acceptance from?
Society, instead seeking assurance from God as a unique creation
What values are part of inner beauty?
Joy, love, grace, gentleness, and unselfishness.
What is the spiritual self’s connection with?
The universal source and oneness of life.
What does finding spiritual purpose involve?
Becoming the best self rather than simply finding life’s meaning.
How did William James describe the spiritual self?
As the most intimate, subjective part of oneself, with satisfaction in moral sensibility, conscience, and will.
How does William James refer to the “spiritual me”?
As “the true, the intimate, the ultimate, the permanent me.”
What does the “spiritual me” represent according to James?
The “sanctuary of our life” and the core self
The performance of ceremonial acts prescribed by tradition or sacred law
Ritual
What is ritual viewed as
A symbolic system of behavior with arbitrary rules.
What are the three fundamental characteristics of rituals?
Respect or awe for the sacred, dependence on a belief system, and symbolic meaning.
Who founded Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gautama, around 500 B.C.E., later known as Buddha.
What is a key belief of Buddhism?
Life involves suffering, pain, and frustration, which can be overcome by breaking the reactive cycle of wanting and aversion.
What are the two types of meditation in Buddhism?
Samatha (mindfulness) and vipassana (insight into reality).
What is a major principle in Buddhism?
Non-Violence
Name some major Buddhist celebrations.
Parinirvana Day, Buddha Day (Wesak), Dharma Day, Padmasambhava Day, and Sangha Day.
How did Christianity begin?
In Palestine with Jesus of Nazareth, around 2,000 years ago
What is the Christian belief in God?
One God in three persons (Trinity): Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
What do Christians believe Jesus’ death and resurrection provide?
Salvation and eternal life for believers.
What are the Christian sacred texts?
The Old Testament and the New Testament of the Bible.
What are the main Christian sacraments?
Baptism and Communion.
Name two major Christian celebrations.
Christmas (birth of Jesus) and Easter (resurrection of Jesus).
Where did Hinduism originate?
The Indus River Valley, around 4,500 years ago.
What is the concept of karma in Hinduism?
The cycle of birth, death, and rebirth based on past life actions
What are the primary sacred Hindu texts?
The Vedas, along with Mahabharata and Ramayana.
Name two major Hindu festivals.
Diwali (Festival of Lights) and Navratri (festival celebrating good over evil).
Who is the final prophet in Islam?
Muhammad, born in 570 C.E.
What is the Islamic term for God?
Allah
What is the holy book of Islam?
The Quran.
What are the five pillars of Islam?
Shahadah (faith), Salat (prayer), Zakat (charity), Hajj (pilgrimage), and Sawm (fasting).
Name the two major festivals in Islam.
Eidul-Fitr (end of Ramadan) and Eidul-Adha (during Hajj)
Who is the central God figure in Judaism?
Yahweh, the God of Abraham.
What is the Jewish sacred scripture?
The Torah
What is Talmud in Judaism?
A collection of oral interpretations of the Torah.
What are the main Jewish festivals?
Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Pesach (Passover), Shavuot, and Sukkot.
