Module 1 Study Guide Flash Cards
Where are the HTJJ points located?
.5 to 1 cun away from the midline of the lower border of he Spinous process
Where should the HTJJ points be needled in the thoracic spine for safety?
.5 fun from the midline
What is the most superficial MEPs of the Erector spinae group of muscles?
Spinalis thoracis
What is the most medial muscle of the erector spinae group of muscles?
The spinalis thoracis
What is the deepest spinal erector muscle?
The multifidi muscles
What are the layers of tissue that are penetrated by the needle when treating hte HTJJ around T9?
Skin, subcutaneous fat, lower trapezius, latissimus dorsi, erector spinae, deep paraspinal muscles, the laminae of the vertebra
Where is the supraspinous ligament located?
Along the posterior border of the spinous processes of the spine
Where is the infraspinous ligament located?
Between each spinous process
Where is the Ligamentum flavum located?
Located deep to the interspinous ligament and attaches to the laminae of adjacent vertebrae and is the last ligament before the spinal cord.
Where is the posterior longitudinal ligament located?
Runs along the posterior laminae of the vertebrae and discs.
Where is the Anterior longitudinal ligament located?
On the anterior side the vertebral body and discs
What nerve inervates the outer most layer of the annulus of the intervertebral disc?
The dorsal primary rami which is affected by needling the HTJJ points.
Which vertebra is aligned with the apex of the iliac crest?
L4
Which vertebrae does the trapezius connect to?
C7 to T12
Which vertebrae does the the latissimus dorsi attach to?
Attaches along the spinous processes of the T6-T12
What does the Spurling’s Test, test?
Degeneration of facet joints in the cervical spine, if there is referred nerve pain into the shoulder girdle.
What is not a positive sign when doing spurling’s test?
Neck pain, the pain needs to referral into the shoulder girdle to be considered a positive spurling’s test.
Which spinal erector runs along the outer bladder line?
Iliocostalis muscle
What is the middle spinal erector?
Longissimus muscle
How do you perform a bakody’s sign or shoulder abduction test?
Patient silting places hard on top of their head
What are possible signs of a Bokody’s test?
If a decrease in pain it’s radicular. If there is an increase in pain it could be from the brachial plexus or in the scalenes or under the pec minor.
How to perform a distraction test?
With patient seated you place one under the occupant and forearm under the chin and gently lift and hold for 20 -30 seconds, discontinue it there is dizziness. A positive test is a reduction or elimination of radicular symptoms due to decreased pressure on the nerve root.
What is the straight leg raise test for?
Sciatica
How do you perform the straight leg raise test?
Patients leg is lifted until The patient feels pain, paresthesia or tightness into hip, thigh, knee leg or foot. Then practitioner lovers leg until symptoms diminish then dorsiflexes the foot with an emphasis on the extension of the big toe trying to reproduce the previous symptoms.
