Module 1: State and Non-state Institutions

Question 1

defined as the organized way in which power is allocated and decisions are
made within society.

Answer 1

Political Structures/Institutions

Question 2

is comprised of the President and the Vice President who
are chosen by direct popular vote and fulfill a term of six years.

Answer 2

The Executive Branch

Question 3

grants the President authority to appoint his Cabinet. These departments form a
large portion of the country’s bureaucracy.

Answer 3

The Constitution

Question 4

can make laws, alter, and reverse them through the power
bestowed in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into the Senate and
the House of Representatives

Answer 4

The Legislative Branch

Question 5

maintains the power to resolve disputes concerning rights
that are legally demandable and enforceable. This branch decides whether there
has been a serious abuse of judgment amounting to lack or excess of authority on
the part and instrumentality of the government. It is made up of a Supreme Court
and lower courts.

Answer 5

The Judicial Branch

Question 6

This court is explicitly permitted the power of Judicial Review
as the power to declare a treaty, international or executive agreement, law,
presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction, ordinance, or regulation
unconstitutional

Answer 6

The Supreme Court

Question 7

the capacity to realize desired ends despite opposition from others. The utilization of power is the business of government, which is defined as a formal organization that directs the political life of a society (Macionis, 2012) Therefore, governments demand compliance on the part of a
population

Answer 7

Power

Question 8

a power that people perceive as legitimate rather than coercive

Answer 8

Weber’s concept of authority

Question 9

What are the 3 types of authority?

Answer 9

1. Traditional Authority
2. Rational-Legal Authority
3. Charismatic Authority

Question 10

respect for a long-standing cultural pattern is used to legitimize power.

Answer 10

Traditional Authority

Question 11

or also known as bureaucratic authority; legally created rules and regulations are used to legitimize power.

Answer 11

Rational-Legal Authority

Question 12

extraordinary personal skills that inspire devotion and obedience are used to
legitimize power.

Answer 12

Charismatic Authority

Question 13

defined as an enduring organization, practice, or relationship created by individuals to handle and cope with basic economic dilemmas.

Answer 13

Economic Institution

Question 14

Transaction between two
socially equal parties
having the same status
with regards to values of
goods or services.

Answer 14

Reciprocity

Question 15

3 types of Reciprocity

Answer 15

1. Generalized Reciprocity
2. Balanced Reciprocity
3. Negative Reciprocity

Question 16

A form of transaction
which utilizes gestures
that expresses personal
relationships than
economic transactions.

Answer 16

Generalized Reciprocity

Question 17

In this form of
transaction, the giver is
expected to gain
something in return
although it does not have
to be given instantly.

Answer 17

Balanced Reciprocity

Question 18

This transaction is being
practiced using deceiving
ways to gain profit. In this
form of transaction,
individuals involved try to
gain as much as
conceivable while paying
the least amount possible

Answer 18

Negative Reciprocity

Question 19

The process by which
products produced out from
the community is sent to a
place where they are stored,
counted, and later distributed
back to the people.

Answer 19

Redistribution

Question 20

The price of the transactions
of deliverables and services
are supposedly governed by
the rules of supply and
demand.

Answer 20

Market Exchange

Question 21

a financial institution that
receives deposits from the public and generates credit.

Answer 21

Bank

Question 22

Manage withdrawals and deposits as well as supplying short-term loans to a person and
small-scale businesses.

Answer 22

Commercial/Retail Bank

Question 23

A bank that purchases large holdings of
newly issued shares and resells them to
investors.

Answer 23

Investment Bank

Question 24

Offers insurance policies to the public
either by selling them directly to a person or
through an employer’s benefit plan.

Answer 24

Insurance and Companies

Question 25

a legal unit that is distinct
from its owners. has the right to enter contracts, loan and
borrow money, hire employees, own assets,
and pay taxes.

Answer 25

Corporation

Question 26

are jointly owned enterprises
engaging in the production or distribution
of goods or services.

Answer 26

Cooperatives

Question 27

also known as labor unions
are consist of workforces who have come
together to attain mutual goals like
protecting the integrity of its trade,
improving safety standards, achieving
higher pay and benefits like health care,
and retirement

Answer 27

Trade Unions

Question 28

Organizations that are devoted to
manipulating political, economic, social,
and institutional decisions across country
borders.

Answer 28

Transnational Advocacy Groups

Question 29

These are independent organizations whose
goals are to help develop and support
economic growth especially for the poor and
marginal portion of the society. So, they
may have opportunities for income and
decent employment

Answer 29

Development Agencies

Question 30

Include both governmental and non-
governmental organizations.

Answer 30

International Organizations

Question 31

transcend borders in pursuit of a common
cause.

Answer 31

International Non-governmental Organization (INGO)

Question 32

refer to a grouping established by states
and are based on treatise, have formal
structures, and meet at regular intervals
(Santarita & Madrid, 2016)

Answer 32

International Governmental Organization (IGO)

Question 33

a society or organization founded for a religious, educational, social, or similar purpose.

Answer 33

Institution

Question 34

composed of a set of formal rules, informal norms, or agreed upon understanding that constraint and prescribe political actors’ behavior and interaction with one another.

Answer 34

Institution

Question 35

Institutions that have state functions and are established to govern the state

Answer 35

State Institutions

Question 36

The following is an example of what form of redistribution?
The dowry given by a Muslim groom to his prospective bride is a transaction between two socially equal parties having the same status with regards to values of goods or services. Tantamount to the wealth and educational attainment possessed by the latter.

Answer 36

Reciprocity

Question 37

The following is an example of which type of reciprocity?
In the Philippines, most often than not, the eldest child expresses generalized reciprocity to his or her family by graduating, and in exchange, they will be providing means to sustain the academic needs of their other siblings.

Answer 37

Generalized Reciprocity

Question 38

The following is an example of what type of reciprocity?
One good example is the business transaction between Filipino artists and advertisement companies. Artists will perform activities that are required of him or her by the said advertisement company in exchange for publicity and exposure.

Answer 38

Balanced Reciprocity

Question 39

The following is an example of what type of reciprocity?

Example business ventures offered to you by persons you do not have a personal relationship with.

Answer 39

Negative Reciprocity

Question 40

The following is an example of what form of redistribution?

Taxes are collected from individuals based on their income. The money collected is distributed to other members of society through different government programs.

Answer 40

Redistribution

Question 41

The following is an example of what form of redistribution?

transaction that uses money in exchange for goods or services.

Answer 41

Market exchange