Module 1 (Measurement, Significant Figures, Matter) Flashcards
An assignment of number based on a characteristics of an object or event
Measurement
Derived units
Based units in a formula
Define accuracy and precision.
Accuracy is how close the measured value is to the true value. Precision is how close the measured values are to each other.
A basis for significant figure
Uncertainty
All of the digits that are known and one estimated
Significant Figures
Rules in getting the significant numbers.
Nonzeroes are counted
Leading zeroes are not counted
Captive zeroes are counted
Trailing zeroes are counted unless decimal
True or False.
Counted items and exactly defined quantities have an infinite number of significant figures.
True
Amount of matter in an object
Mass
The basic unit of mass
gram
Define length
Distance between two points
Define density
How much matter is in something
The measure of kinetic energy in an object
Temperature
The amount of space something takes up
Volume
What is Chemistry?
The study of composition of matter and the changes it undergoes
Define substance.
Substance has definite proportion and constant properties.
Differentiate homogeneous from a heterogeneous mixture.
In a homogeneous mixture, the composition is uniform. Heterogeneous have different compositions.
Differentiate two types of pure substances.
Elements cannot be broken down into simpler forms. A compound is a combination of two or more elements.
Define acids.
An inorganic substance that breaks down in solution.
True or False.
In acid, more hydrogen ion indicates a stronger acid.
True
The concentration of hydroxide ions when added to a solution
Bases
Qualities that distinguish one sample of matter from another
Properties of matter
Define physical properties.
It can be observed without changing its chemical composition.
Differentiate intensive and extensive properties.
Intensive properties are independent of amount while extensive properties depend on quantity
It can be observed by changing the identity of a substance.
Chemical properties
What are the characteristics of solids?
- has a neat, uniform structure
- maintain its shape regardless of the vessel
- particles are not able to move freely
What are the characteristics of liquids?
- definite volume but no definite shape
- particles move together but randomly move around
What are the characteristics of gases?
- no definite shape and volume
- particles move randomly
