Module 1 materials (metals) Flashcards
What are the main categories of engineering materials?
Metals, polymers, ceramics, and composites are the main categories of engineering materials.
why is it important for engineers to understand material properties?
Understanding material properties helps engineers select the right materials for specific tasks and optimize their performance.
Can you name some common metals used in engineering?
Common metals used in engineering include iron, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, copper, and nickel.
What is the crystal lattice in metals, and what are some common structures
The crystal lattice is the arrangement of atoms in metals. Common structures include
FCC (face-centered cubic),
BCC (body-centered cubic),
and HCP (hexagonal close-packed).
How do grain boundaries affect material strength?
Grain boundaries hinder the movement of dislocations, making materials with smaller grain sizes stronger.
What are alloys, and why are they important in engineering
Alloys are combinations of metals with other elements. They’re important because they enhance material properties like strength and corrosion resistance.
What is precipitation hardening, and how does it strengthen materials?
Precipitation hardening is a heat treatment method that disperses particles (inoculants) in materials, making them stronger by hindering dislocation movement.
How do iron-carbon alloys change with temperature?
Iron-carbon alloys undergo phase changes between ferrite, austenite, and cementite phases at different temperatures.
How do alloying elements affect material strength?
Alloying elements distort the crystal lattice and form boundaries between phases, increasing material strength.
Why is stainless steel resistant to corrosion, and what are its common components?
Stainless steel is corrosion-resistant due to chromium. Common components include chromium and nickel, with type 304 containing 18% chromium and 8% nickel.
What is the primary difference between low carbon steel and high carbon steel in terms of carbon content?
Low carbon steel typically contains up to 0.25% carbon, while high carbon steel contains between 0.6% and 2% carbon.
How does the carbon content of cast iron compare to high carbon steel?
Cast iron contains a higher percentage of carbon, ranging from 2% to 4%, whereas high carbon steel contains between 0.6% and 2% carbon.
What does an iron carbon phase diagram show?
Shows the different phases of iron with repect to carbon content and temperature
What % of carbon does low carbon steel have, properties and grain sturcture?
made of both pearlite and ferrite , easily to work, join and weld
Grain structures of medium and high carbon contnet steels
How do the properties of steel change between medium and high carbon content steels
high carbon steels can be used in high wear areas such as gear teeth etc.
