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Medicinal Plants > Module 1 Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Kiwi fruit

A

Vine native to China

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2
Q

Herb

A

Any plant with leaves, seeds, or flowers used for flavoring, food, medicine, or perfume.

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3
Q

Doctrine of Signatures

A

Plants bear a divine mark or sign to indicate their use

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4
Q

Analgesic

A

Pain reliever

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5
Q

Analgesic examples

A

Willow bark and salicin

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6
Q

Astringent

A

Causes contraction of tissues

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7
Q

Astringent example

A

Tannins (suck on a tea bag)

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8
Q

Antiseptic

A

Prevent infection, kill bacteria

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9
Q

Demulcent

A

Soothes irritated mucus membranes

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10
Q

Decoction

A

Water-extract made by boiling

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11
Q

Dermatitis

A

Skin condition manifested by irritation and rash

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12
Q

Plant that causes dermatitis

A

Poison ivy

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13
Q

Diuretic

A

Increases flow of urine

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14
Q

Dropsy

A

(archaic) fluid accumulation from congestive heart failure

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15
Q

Biogeography

A

The branch of biology that deals with the geographical distribution of plants and animals.

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16
Q

Phytogeography

A

The branch of botany that deals with the geographical distribution of plants.

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17
Q

Taxonomy

A

The branch of science concerned with classification

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18
Q

Endemic

A

regularly found among particular people or in a certain area

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19
Q

Endemism

A

the state of a species being native to a single defined geographic location

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20
Q

Cosmopolitan

A

a plant or animal found all over the world

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21
Q

Pantropical

A

occurring or distributed throughout the tropical regions of the earth

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22
Q

Angiosperm

A

Flowering plant

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23
Q

Parts of a scientific name

A

Genus and species (binomial)

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24
Q

Oak types have the same ___ but different ____

A

Genus

Species

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25
Q

Do scientific names vary based on language

A

No

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26
Q

Do scientific names change over time

A

No

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27
Q

How many scientific names does each plant have

A

One

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28
Q

How many common names for a dandelion in english

A

100+

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29
Q

Carolus Linneaus

A

Swedish scientist and physician who developed the Linnaean system

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30
Q

Linnaean system

A

Two name binomial nomenclature system for identifying and classifying living things

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31
Q

What is the Linnaean system based on

A

Simple heirarchical structure in which organisms are sorted using the nomenclature of Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species

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32
Q

Book written by Linnaeus

A

Materia Medica

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33
Q

Are organisms in the same kingdom similar

A

Not necessarily

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34
Q

Members of the same ____ are very similar and can reproduce

A

Species

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35
Q

Plants only pollinate members of their own ____

A

Species

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36
Q

Species

A

A group of plants that are similar in appearance and interbreed with eachother

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37
Q

Genus

A

A group of similar species, presumably descended from the same ancestor

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38
Q

Family

A

A group of related genera, sharing common floral, fruit, leaf, chemical etc. features

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39
Q

Example of family

A

Mint family

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40
Q

How many sepals fused together in mints

A

5

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41
Q

Petals of mint are strongly divided into

A

Upper and lower lip

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42
Q

How many stamens in mint

A

2 or 4

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43
Q

Flowers of mint

A

Spikes

44
Q

Each mint flower produces ___ hard seeds

A

4

45
Q

Two examples of medicinal plants

A

Turmeric and cranberries

46
Q

Turmeric scientific name

A

Curcuma longa

47
Q

Turmeric

A

Seasoning similar to ginger

48
Q

Where is turmeric native to

A

Southern asia rainforests

49
Q

What part of turmeric is harvested and used for seasoning and medicine

A

Rhizome

50
Q

Medicinal uses of turmeric

A
  • Antifungal
  • Increases prostaglandin
  • Similar to ibuprofen
  • Used for gout, arthritis
51
Q

Active ingredient in turmeric

A

Curcumin

52
Q

Cranberries have the same ___ as blueberries

A

Genus

53
Q

Where are cranberries from

A

Wetlands and bogs

54
Q

Type of plant of cranberries

A

Evergreen vine

55
Q

Original name of cranberries

A

Crane berries

56
Q

Scientific name of cranberries

A

Vaccinium macrocarpon

57
Q

Where are cranberries native to

A

North America

58
Q

Health benefits of cranberries

A
  • Phenolic compounds
  • Antioxidants
  • urinary health: proanthocyanidins
59
Q

Wood nettle scientific name

A

Laportea canadensis

60
Q

Medicinal benefit of wood nettle

A

Counterirritant

61
Q

Climbing onion scientific name

A

Bowiea volubilis

62
Q

What forms crown of blueberries and related plants

A

Sepals

63
Q

What pollinates blueberries

A

Bumblebees

64
Q

What pollinates raspberries

A

Honeybees or bumblebees

65
Q

Leaves of raspberries contain

A

Tannins

66
Q

Fruit of raspberries contains

A

Antioxidants

67
Q

Sour cherry scientific name

A

Prunus cerasus

68
Q

Sweet cherry scientific name

A

Prunus avium

69
Q

____ cherry is easier to grow

A

Sour

70
Q

Sugar content of cherries

A

10%

71
Q

Sour cherry has more ____

A

Acid

72
Q

What can cherries produce

A

Hydrogen cyanide (cyanogenic)

73
Q

____ are a form of peach with smooth skin

A

Nectarines

74
Q

True or false, apricots are similar to peaches and nectarines

A

False

75
Q

Apricot scientific name

A

Prunus armeniaca

76
Q

Where did the peach and apricot originate

A

China

77
Q

Apricots have more ___ than citric acid

A

Malic

78
Q

Fruit definition

A

Ripened ovary containing seeds

79
Q

Garden “vegetables” that are actually fruits

A

Cucumbers
Squash
Peppers
Tomatos

80
Q

Supreme court case that decided a tomato was a fruit

A

Nix vs. Hedden

81
Q

Alternative

A

Substance that improves general health (archaic)

82
Q

Diuretic

A

Increases flow of urine

83
Q

Diaphoretic

A

Increases sweating, aids in eliminating waste products

84
Q

Emmenagogue

A

Promotes menstruation

85
Q

Emollient

A

Softens or soothes rough or inflamed skin

86
Q

Expectorant

A

Promotes discharge of respiratory mucus

87
Q

Febrifuge

A

Agent that lowers fever

88
Q

Flatulance

A

Accumulation of gas in the digestive tract

89
Q

Infusion

A

Water of alcohol extract of a plant product

90
Q

Example of an infusion

A

Herbal tea

91
Q

Tincture

A

Concentrated, standardized water or alcohol solution

92
Q

Hallucinogen

A

Causes altered states of consciousness

93
Q

Masticatory

A

Chewed to increase salivation

94
Q

Narcotic

A

Drug that dulls senses, relieves pain, and induces sleep

95
Q

Nausea

A

Sick to stomach, dizzy

96
Q

Panacea

A

Cure all

97
Q

Example of panacea

A

Ginseng

98
Q

Poultice

A

Soft medicated cloth applied to wounds

99
Q

Psoraisis

A

Skin condition such as severe dandruff, non-contagious

100
Q

Stimulant

A

Increases energy level

101
Q

Styptic

A

Stops bleeding

102
Q

Soporific

A

Sleep inducer

103
Q

Synergistic

A

Increases action of another substance when taken with it

104
Q

Toxic

A

Any degree of poisonous effect, from annoying to fatal

105
Q

Urticating

A

Irritant, often causing rash

106
Q

Vermifuge or anthelminthic

A

Kills parasitic worms

Medicinal Plants (3 decks)

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