MODULE 1: Importance and Impact of Research Flashcards
SYSTEMATIC investigation that requires data to be collected, analyzed and interpreted
- research
must follow the SCIENTIFIC METHOD—standardized set of techniques for building SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
- research
process of OBJECTIVELY establishing facts through TESTING and EXPERIMENTATION
- scientific method
what are the methods of reasoning (2)?
- Inductive & Deductive reasoning
methods of REASONING used when CONDUCTING scientific research
- Inductive & Deductive reasoning
aims to INFER theoretical concepts and patterns from OBSERVED data
- inductive reasoning
also known as Theory Building Research
- inductive reasoning
aims to TEST concepts and patterns known from theory using NEW EMPIRICAL data
- deductive reasoning
also known as Theory Testing Research
- deductive reasoning
the inductive approach begins with a?
- set of empirical observations, seeking patterns in those observations and then theorizing about it
the deductive approach begins with a?
- theory, developing hypothesis from that theory, and then collecting and analyzing data to test those hypotheses.
DIRECTLY RELATED to inductive and deductive reasoning
- Qualitative and Quantitative Research
what is often referred to as INDUCTIVE research?
- qualitative research
aims to understand or MAKE SENSE of the world based on the EXPERIENCES and PERCEPTIONS of individuals
- qualitative research
what is often referred to as DEDUCTIVE research?
- quantitative research
aims to understand the world by GENERALIZABILITY using CONTROLLED, VALUE-NEUTRAL processes
- quantitative research
DIFFERENTIATES research according to its purpose
- basic and applied research
also known as THEORETICAL research
- basic research
aims to test EXISTING or GENERATE NEW THEORIES to advance knowledge or understanding
- basic research
it is often identified when the research DISCOVERS NEW PHENOMENA or new IDEAS of GENERAL INTEREST
- basic research
aims to use the ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE in order to CONTRIBUTE DIRECTLY to the understanding or resolution of practical issues
- applied research
it is often identified when the research CONTRIBUTES to the solution of specific practical problems
- applied research
what is EMPIRICAL KNOWLEDGE?
- INFORMATION gathered through EXPERIENCE and DIRECT data collection
what is NONEMPIRICAL KNOWLEDGE?
- ROOTS from INTROSPECTION, VICARIOUS experiences and people’s ANALYSIS OF EVENTS
- Non-empirical sources, on the other hand, are based on reasoning, intuition, faith, or authority.
refers to a generalized body of laws and theories to EXPLAIN A PHENOMENON or BEHAVIOR OF INTEREST that are acquired using the scientific method
- scientific knowledge
difference between SCIENTIFIC and NONSCIENTIFIC knowledge?
- SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE is knowledge based on SCIENTIFIC METHODS which are supported by adequate validation while NONSCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE rely on TRADITION, PERSONAL EXPERIENCE and INTUITION, LOGIC and AUTHORITY to arrive at conclusions.
it is often conducted in NEW AREAS OF INQUIRY where it intends to scope the magnitude of a particular problem, phenomenon or behavior
- exploratory research
it seeks to investigate an under-researched aspect of life
- exploratory research
investigates research questions that have not been studied in depth
- exploratory research
provides EXPLANATION of an OBSERVED phenomenon by answering the ‘why’ and ‘how’ questions
- explanatory research
seeks to explain an aspect of social life
- explanatory research
what is the third category in Exploratory vs. Explanatory Research?
- descriptive research
it is often used to describe an aspect of life richly.
- descriptive research
______ research is related to explanatory research but instead answers the ‘who’, ‘what’, ‘when’, and ‘where’ questions.
- descriptive
STRATEGIC plan of how to go about answering the research questions.
- research design
it touches on all parts of the research and acts as a BLUEPRINT
- research design
this is the RATIONALE for the research design and is BROADER in terms of concepts on which it touches.
- methodology
It justifies one’s choice of data collection, analysis method and procedures.
- methodology
acts as a JUSTIFICATION and RATIONALE for choosing the type of data collection and analysis the researcher will conduct.
- research methodology
specific SET OF TOOLS that a researcher uses throughout the study
- research methods
